四級閱讀理解訓練筆記：主題題

　　主題題。文中只提到因果關系推理的幾種操作方法

　　Another common type of reasoning is the search for causes and results. We want to know whether cigarettes really do cause lung cancer, what cause malnutrition(營養(yǎng)不良), the decay of cities, or the decay of teeth. We are equally interested in effects: what is the effect of sulphur or lead in the atmosphere, of oil spills and raw sewage readers how to be popular in with around

　　B) teen-agers how to learn to decide things for themselves

　　C) parents how to control and guide their children

　　D) people how to understand and respect each other

　　7. According to the author, many teen-agers think they are brave enough to act on their own, but, in fact, most of them ____.

　　A) have much difficulty understanding each other

　　B) lack confidence

　　C) dare not cope with problems single-handed

　　D) are very much afraid of getting lost

　　8. Which of the following is NOT true according to the passage?

　　A) There is no popularity that really counts.

　　B) What many parents are doing is in fact hindering their children from finding their own paths.

　　C) It is not necessarily bad for a teen-ager to disagree with his or her classmates.

　　D) Most teen-agers claim that they want to do what they like to, but they are actually doing the same.

　　9. The author thinks of advertisements as ____.

　　A) convincing B) influential

　　C) instructive D) authoritative

　　10. During the teen-age years, one should learn to ____.

　　A) differ from others in as many ways as possible

　　B) get into the right season and become popular

　　C) find ones real self

　　D) rebel against parents and the popularity waves

　　Questions 6 to 10 are based on the following passage:

　　I hear many parents complaining that their teen-age children are rebelling, I wish it were so. At your age you ought to be growing away from your parents. You should be learning to stand on your own two feet. But take a good look at the present rebellion. It seems that teenagers are all taking the same way of showing that they disagree with their parents. Instead of striking out boldly on their own, most of them are clutching at(attempting to seize) one anothers hands for reassurance.

　　注：1.rebel 背叛、反叛

　　2.從第一句話看出本文是文科文章，所以從態(tài)度著手，I wish it were so 說明作者是負態(tài)度。

　　3.should 虛擬語氣，表示負態(tài)度

　　4.reassurance=re+assure-ance 使確信;boldly 勇敢的;strike out 開辟

　　They claim they want to dress as they please. But they all wear the same clothes. They set off in new directions in music. But somehow they all end up crowded round listening to the same record. Their reason for thinking or acting in thus-and-such a way is that the crowd is doing it. They have come out of their cocoon(蠶繭)--- into a larger cocoon.

　　注：1.But 表明作者負態(tài)度

　　2.set off 開始 3.end up 結果

　　4.reason 用來解釋前面的現象

　　5.把青少年從眾心理比喻成蠶繭

　　It has become harder and harder for a teen-ager to stand up against the popularity wave and to go his or her own way. Industry firmly carved out a teen-age market. These days every teen-ager can learn from the advertisements what a teen-ager should have and be. And many of todays parents have come to award high marks for the popularity of their children. All this adds up to a great barrier for the teen-ager who wants to find his or her own path.

　　注：1.第一句結論句，后面跟著解釋

　　2.第二、三句 Industry... 工業(yè)廣告對青少年的影響

　　3.第四句 And many of... 父母親對青少年的影響

　　4.have come to 逐漸如何 award 獎勵，鼓勵; popularity 潮流，名聲

　　But the barrier is worth climbing over. The path is worth following. You may want to listen to classical music instead of going to a party. You may want to collect rocks when everyone else is collecting records. You may have some thoughts that you dont care to share at once with your classmates. Well, go to it. Find yourself. Be yourself. Popularity will come-with the people who respect you for who you are. Thats the only kind of popularity that really counts.

　　注: 1.path 路徑

　　2.三個 you may 舉例來支持前面一句話The path is worth following.

　　3.Find yourself.Be yourself. 提出建議,后面句子給出原因

　　4.count vi.重要，vt.數

　　6. The authors purpose writing this passage is to tell ____.

　　A) readers how to be popular in with around

　　B) teen-agers how to learn to decide things for themselves

　　C) parents how to control and guide their children

　　D) people how to understand and respect each other

　　注：寫作目的題型，目標讀者：青少年

　　7. According to the author, many teen-agers think they are brave enough to act on their own, but, in fact, most of them ____.

　　A) have much difficulty understanding each other

　　B) lack confidence

　　C) dare not cope with problems single-handed

　　D) are very much afraid of getting lost

　　注：brave定位第一段boldly

　　I hear many parents complaining that their teen-age children are rebelling, I wish it were so. At your age you ought to be growing away from your parents. You should be learning to stand on your own two feet. But take a good look at the present rebellion. It seems that teenagers are all taking the same way of showing that they disagree with their parents. Instead

　　of striking out boldly on their own, most of them are clutching at There is no popularity that really counts.

　　B) What many parents are doing is in fact hindering their children from finding their own paths.

　　C) It is not necessarily bad for a teen-ager to disagree with his or her classmates.

　　D) Most teen-agers claim that they want to do what they like to, but they are actually doing the same.

　　注：1.與文章最后一句話相反

　　2.no + n. 中no 相當于not any 表示沒有任何的，為絕對化語氣

　　no + adj. 中no 表示否定

　　But the barrier is worth climbing over. The path is worth following. You may want to listen to classical music instead of going to a party. You may want to collect rocks when everyone else is collecting records. You may have some thoughts that you dont care to share at once with your classmates. Well, go to it. Find yourself. Be yourself. Popularity will come-with the people who respect you for who you are. Thats the only kind of popularity that really counts.

　　9. The author thinks of advertisements as ____.

　　A) convincing B) influential C) instructive D) authoritative

　　注：態(tài)度題，找作者直接評價語句，倒數第二段，應該是負評價。

　　convincing 有說服力的 authoritative 權威的

　　instructive 有啟發(fā)性的,有教育意義的

　　influential 有影響的

　　A、C、D都屬于正面評價，只有B為中性評價

　　It has become harder and harder for a teen-ager to stand up against the popularity wave and to go his or her own way. Industry firmly carved out a teen-age market. These days every teen-ager can learn from the advertisements what a teen-ager should have and be. And many of todays parents have come to award high marks for the popularity of their children. All this adds up to a great barrier for the teen-ager who wants to find his or her own path.

　　10. During the teen-age years, one should learn to ____.

　　A) differ from others in as many ways as possible

　　B) get into the right season and become popular

　　C) find ones real self

　　D) rebel against parents and the popularity waves

　　主題題。文中只提到因果關系推理的幾種操作方法

　　Another common type of reasoning is the search for causes and results. We want to know whether cigarettes really do cause lung cancer, what cause malnutrition(營養(yǎng)不良), the decay of cities, or the decay of teeth. We are equally interested in effects: what is the effect of sulphur or lead in the atmosphere, of oil spills and raw sewage readers how to be popular in with around

　　B) teen-agers how to learn to decide things for themselves

　　C) parents how to control and guide their children

　　D) people how to understand and respect each other

　　7. According to the author, many teen-agers think they are brave enough to act on their own, but, in fact, most of them ____.

　　A) have much difficulty understanding each other

　　B) lack confidence

　　C) dare not cope with problems single-handed

　　D) are very much afraid of getting lost

　　8. Which of the following is NOT true according to the passage?

　　A) There is no popularity that really counts.

　　B) What many parents are doing is in fact hindering their children from finding their own paths.

　　C) It is not necessarily bad for a teen-ager to disagree with his or her classmates.

　　D) Most teen-agers claim that they want to do what they like to, but they are actually doing the same.

　　9. The author thinks of advertisements as ____.

　　A) convincing B) influential

　　C) instructive D) authoritative

　　10. During the teen-age years, one should learn to ____.

　　A) differ from others in as many ways as possible

　　B) get into the right season and become popular

　　C) find ones real self

　　D) rebel against parents and the popularity waves

　　Questions 6 to 10 are based on the following passage:

　　I hear many parents complaining that their teen-age children are rebelling, I wish it were so. At your age you ought to be growing away from your parents. You should be learning to stand on your own two feet. But take a good look at the present rebellion. It seems that teenagers are all taking the same way of showing that they disagree with their parents. Instead of striking out boldly on their own, most of them are clutching at(attempting to seize) one anothers hands for reassurance.

　　注：1.rebel 背叛、反叛

　　2.從第一句話看出本文是文科文章，所以從態(tài)度著手，I wish it were so 說明作者是負態(tài)度。

　　3.should 虛擬語氣，表示負態(tài)度

　　4.reassurance=re+assure-ance 使確信;boldly 勇敢的;strike out 開辟

　　They claim they want to dress as they please. But they all wear the same clothes. They set off in new directions in music. But somehow they all end up crowded round listening to the same record. Their reason for thinking or acting in thus-and-such a way is that the crowd is doing it. They have come out of their cocoon(蠶繭)--- into a larger cocoon.

　　注：1.But 表明作者負態(tài)度

　　2.set off 開始 3.end up 結果

　　4.reason 用來解釋前面的現象

　　5.把青少年從眾心理比喻成蠶繭

　　It has become harder and harder for a teen-ager to stand up against the popularity wave and to go his or her own way. Industry firmly carved out a teen-age market. These days every teen-ager can learn from the advertisements what a teen-ager should have and be. And many of todays parents have come to award high marks for the popularity of their children. All this adds up to a great barrier for the teen-ager who wants to find his or her own path.

　　注：1.第一句結論句，后面跟著解釋

　　2.第二、三句 Industry... 工業(yè)廣告對青少年的影響

　　3.第四句 And many of... 父母親對青少年的影響

　　4.have come to 逐漸如何 award 獎勵，鼓勵; popularity 潮流，名聲

　　But the barrier is worth climbing over. The path is worth following. You may want to listen to classical music instead of going to a party. You may want to collect rocks when everyone else is collecting records. You may have some thoughts that you dont care to share at once with your classmates. Well, go to it. Find yourself. Be yourself. Popularity will come-with the people who respect you for who you are. Thats the only kind of popularity that really counts.

　　注: 1.path 路徑

　　2.三個 you may 舉例來支持前面一句話The path is worth following.

　　3.Find yourself.Be yourself. 提出建議,后面句子給出原因

　　4.count vi.重要，vt.數

　　6. The authors purpose writing this passage is to tell ____.

　　A) readers how to be popular in with around

　　B) teen-agers how to learn to decide things for themselves

　　C) parents how to control and guide their children

　　D) people how to understand and respect each other

　　注：寫作目的題型，目標讀者：青少年

　　7. According to the author, many teen-agers think they are brave enough to act on their own, but, in fact, most of them ____.

　　A) have much difficulty understanding each other

　　B) lack confidence

　　C) dare not cope with problems single-handed

　　D) are very much afraid of getting lost

　　注：brave定位第一段boldly

　　I hear many parents complaining that their teen-age children are rebelling, I wish it were so. At your age you ought to be growing away from your parents. You should be learning to stand on your own two feet. But take a good look at the present rebellion. It seems that teenagers are all taking the same way of showing that they disagree with their parents. Instead

　　of striking out boldly on their own, most of them are clutching at There is no popularity that really counts.

　　B) What many parents are doing is in fact hindering their children from finding their own paths.

　　C) It is not necessarily bad for a teen-ager to disagree with his or her classmates.

　　D) Most teen-agers claim that they want to do what they like to, but they are actually doing the same.

　　注：1.與文章最后一句話相反

　　2.no + n. 中no 相當于not any 表示沒有任何的，為絕對化語氣

　　no + adj. 中no 表示否定

　　But the barrier is worth climbing over. The path is worth following. You may want to listen to classical music instead of going to a party. You may want to collect rocks when everyone else is collecting records. You may have some thoughts that you dont care to share at once with your classmates. Well, go to it. Find yourself. Be yourself. Popularity will come-with the people who respect you for who you are. Thats the only kind of popularity that really counts.

　　9. The author thinks of advertisements as ____.

　　A) convincing B) influential C) instructive D) authoritative

　　注：態(tài)度題，找作者直接評價語句，倒數第二段，應該是負評價。

　　convincing 有說服力的 authoritative 權威的

　　instructive 有啟發(fā)性的,有教育意義的

　　influential 有影響的

　　A、C、D都屬于正面評價，只有B為中性評價

　　It has become harder and harder for a teen-ager to stand up against the popularity wave and to go his or her own way. Industry firmly carved out a teen-age market. These days every teen-ager can learn from the advertisements what a teen-ager should have and be. And many of todays parents have come to award high marks for the popularity of their children. All this adds up to a great barrier for the teen-ager who wants to find his or her own path.

　　10. During the teen-age years, one should learn to ____.

　　A) differ from others in as many ways as possible

　　B) get into the right season and become popular

　　C) find ones real self

　　D) rebel against parents and the popularity waves