馬克羅和他的安全網
2023復習正是強化復習階段，在考研英語中占了40分，所以考研英語閱讀是英語科目中重要的一項。名師老師曾建議過考研生需要堅持每天泛讀10-15分鐘的英文原刊。強烈推薦了雜志《經濟學人》.雜志中的文章也是考研英語的主要材料來源.希望考研考生認真閱讀，快速提高考研英語閱讀水平。 Lexington 萊克星頓 Marco Rubio and the safety net 馬克羅魯比奧和他的安全網 The Republican Party should take the Floridasenator s ideas seriously 共和黨應該把這位佛羅里達州議員的想法當真 MARCO RUBIO S shoulder is sore. The juniorsenator from Florida has just had a cortisone injection to ease the pain from an old footballinjury. Congress is not short of square-jawed jocks. Given that politics often resembles aprofessional sport for the over-40s, this may be no coincidence. Mr Rubio, who won acollege football scholarship, is an extreme case: his autobiography contains 26 referencesto the Miami Dolphins. This mania for running back and forth can overshadow another,distinctly un-jock, interest of Mr Rubio s, which is in social policy. 馬克羅魯比奧最近肩膀酸痛。這位來自佛羅里達的中年譯員剛剛進行了可的松激素注射，以緩解身上因踢足球所受舊傷的疼痛。國會里從來不乏這種方頜運動健將。鑒于政治一向像是40多歲中年人踢的職業比賽，這也許并不是巧合。曾獲得過大學足球獎學金的魯比奧則是其中的極端典型，他的自傳里提到邁阿密海豚隊的次數高達26次。這種對運動場上跑動的狂熱掩蓋了魯比奧另外一個顯然不那么運動的興趣，即對社會政策的關注。 Over the past few months, while many of his colleagues have devoted themselves tomauling the president, he has proposed a series of government interventions to improve thelot of cash-strapped Americans. His aim is to have bills ready to go if Republicans takecontrol of the Senate in November. This is not the first thing people associate with MrRubio, who came to national prominence when he defeated Florida s governor, Charlie Crist,in a Senate race in 2010. At the time he was described as the first Tea Party senator, whichimplied a desire to burn down government and pour salt on the ashes. This was mistaken. 過去的幾個月里，在他的許多同事都投身于總統打壓戰時，魯比奧卻提出了一系列政府干預措施，以改善眾多囊中羞澀的美國人的生活。在他的算盤中，如果共和黨能夠在11月份掌控參議院，這項議案也應當蓄勢待發。但這不是人們提起魯比奧時，最先聯想起的事情。早在2010年，當他在參議員競選中擊敗佛羅里達州州長查理克里斯特時，魯比奧就一戰成名了。當時，他被描述成第一位茶黨參議員。這個名號總讓人覺得他想把政府一燒了之，還要在灰燼里撒鹽以免其鬼魂為禍人間。但這其實只是誤解。 Though Mr Rubio fitted the description of a young insurgent, his background is not that of ananti-government crusader. He first ran for public office aged 26, becoming a member of thecity commission in West Miami, a town of 6,000 people. His tenure is remembered, if at all,for the introduction of a bicycle-mounted policeman. When Alberto Gutman, a state senatorof distinctively Floridian heritage was indicted for a distinctively Floridian crime , opening up positionsfurther down the food chain, Mr Rubio was elected to the statehouse aged just 28. His nineyears there were mostly spent turning the agenda of Jeb Bush, a centrist Republicangovernor, into law. He also showed a wonkish streak, travelling around the state holdingrather earnest-sounding idea-raisers: 100 proposals that emerged from them weresubsequently turned into a book. 盡管魯比奧很符合年輕異見者的形象，但他的背景卻遠不是那種反政府圣戰士的標配。26歲時，他第一次競選官職，成為了擁有6000萬人口的西邁阿密城市委員會中的一員。如果他的任期中有值得銘記的事情，那一定是自行車騎警隊伍的建立。28歲那年，因為很有佛羅里達特色的州議員阿爾貝托 古特曼被以很有佛羅里達特色的罪名醫保欺詐控告，為其下屬騰出了席位，魯比奧被選入州議會。他在這里工作了九年，絕大多數時間是把中立派民主黨州長杰布布什的議程付諸于法。他還展示出了他的書呆子潛質，曾真誠地打著集中民智的旗號，游歷全州。征集到的百條提案隨后都被出書。 When he arrived in the Senate Mr Rubio was hailed as a future saviour of a Republican Partystruggling to appeal to Hispanic voters, on the basis that his parents had left Cuba in 1956.An already difficult task was made harder when he had a fight with Univision, the biggestSpanish-language network, in 2011. It became impossible when House Republicansdeclined to consider an immigration reform bill that Mr Rubio, along with three otherRepublicans and four Democrats, had put his name to. He has since concluded that a law toaddress the 12m undocumented migrants in the country will be impossible until the borderis secure and the criteria for deciding who gets to come change from prioritising familyreunification to favouring workers. 他一進入參議院，就被看做共和黨未來的救星，因為共和黨正在努力吸引西班牙裔選民，而父母在1956年離開古巴的魯比奧自然吃香。但2011年，當魯比奧與美國最大的西班牙語網站環球電視臺展開口角時，這一本就艱難的任務變得難上加難。而當眾議院的共和黨人拒絕考慮魯比奧、三名其他共和黨人士和四名民主黨人士簽署的移民改革法案時，希望徹底破滅。自此，魯比奧得出了一個結論，即除非邊境安全得到確保，以及移民標準不再致力于讓家庭重新團圓而是更加偏愛工人，解決國內1200萬未登記移民問題的法律是不可能被通過的。 This will not win over the voters that the GOP had hoped Mr Rubio would magically deliver:even young Cubans, who have long stood out among Latinos for their attachment to theRepublican Party, have started to switch their loyalties to the Democrats. On climatechange, too, Mr Rubio is hardly a breath of fresh air. Most scientists, he says, agree that manis to blame, but he sees no point in imposing heavy economic costs on Americans foruncertain benefits. 但這也不能爭取到大老黨希望魯比奧施展魔力吸引到的選民群們，長期以來，連拉美裔中一直因為親近共和黨而格外顯眼的古巴年輕人群，都開始轉而向民主黨效忠。在氣候變化問題上，魯比奧也難以讓人耳目一新。盡管他也承認，大多數科學家都認為人類就是氣候變化的罪魁禍首，但卻并無意為了不確定的利益，讓美國人擔起沉重的經濟代價。 If Mr Rubio is going to rescue his party from anything it is from an overly narrow view ofwhat government ought to do. Both Mr Rubio s parents worked at low-wage jobshis fatheras a bartender, his mother at Kmartbut were able to provide a life for him and his siblingsthat was within touching distance of the middle class. In the years since then, he argues, amixture of globalisation and automation have held down wages for low-skilled workers,making it harder for people without university degrees to repeat what his own parentsmanaged to do. 如果魯比奧真的要拯救共和黨，那就必須改變其黨派對政府職能過度狹隘的觀點。魯比奧的父母都是低薪工作者，他的父親是一位酒保，而母親則在零售商店凱馬特中工作，但父母兩人卻能夠為魯比奧及其兄弟姐妹提供媲美中產階級的生活。然而，魯比奧認為，自那以后，全球化和自動化壓低了技藝水平較低的工人的工資，使得沒有大學學歷的工人越來越重演魯比奧父母的故事。 Mr Rubio has various proposals for addressing this, including a federal wage subsidy to topup the incomes of the low-paid. He wants to help more students go to college, but also thinksthe federal government should experiment with hiring people without degrees forwhite-collar work, as an example to other employers. Some of these ideas are unlikely tofly, such as a scheme to allow students to sell a share of their future income in exchangefor money to fund tuition up front. But they show an urge to innovate that the GOP sCongressional wing has been missing. 對此，魯比奧提出了不同議案，包括一項聯邦工資補貼，來補貼低收入者的工資水平。他想要幫助更多的學生就讀大學，但與此同時，他認為聯邦政府也應當試著雇傭沒有大學學歷的人群來從事白領工作，以為其他的雇主帶個好頭。但魯比奧的有些構想是不可能有前途的，比如他曾計劃讓學生放棄一部分未來的收入，以預先用來支付學費。盡管如此，這些想法仍然展現了共和黨在國會中缺失的一種創新欲望。 Does a safety net give people courage to soar? 安全網會讓美國人更加勇敢地高飛嗎? This is daring stuff in the context of today s Republican Party because it envisages a role forgovernment that many conservatives would find distasteful. Where Republican orthodoxysuggests saving poor people from welfare dependency by mercifully reducing the amount ofmoney they receive, Mr Rubio aims to cut welfare spending by reducing the demand for it,keeping funding at the same level but handing anti-poverty programmes over to the statesto figure out what works. I don t take my children to the circus very often, he says, butwhen I do I have noticed that acrobats tend to be much more daring when they have asafety net beneath them. Such support is essential for the success of the free enterprisesystem. 魯比奧代表了當今共和黨派中富有膽識的一派，因為他們為政府構想的職能，是許多保守黨派深覺反感的。當共和黨中的老派人士建議通過仁慈地降低福利水平，以拯救窮人對福利項目的依賴時，魯比奧卻計劃通過降低需求來減少福利開支，將補助水平維持原有標準不改變的同時，把反貧困項目下放到各州，來找出其中有效的方案。他說：我并不經常帶小孩去馬戲團，不過有時候去，我注意到當下面有安全網時，雜技演員會更勇敢。因此，這樣的支持對自由企業體制的成功至關重要。 It is hard to imagine some other Republicans with presidential ambitions saying anything likethat. Senators Rand Paul of Kentucky and Ted Cruz of Texas, for example, often give theimpression that the only thing standing between America and a restoration of the upwardlymobile society of the 1950s is a more faithful interpretation of the constitution. Mr Rubiois only 43, so he is probably not experienced enough to take on Hillary Clinton in 2023. Butright now he is the most effective standard-bearer for conservatives who worry more aboutreducing poverty and long-term unemployment than about waging culture wars and cuttingincome tax. Whoever wins in November, these thoughts are worth taking seriously. 很難想象其他有志成為總統的共和黨人士會說出這樣的話。舉個例子，肯塔基州的參議員保羅蘭德和德克薩斯州的特德克魯茲常常給人的印象就是，擋在美國和復興上個世紀五十年代處在上升時期的移動社會之間的唯一阻礙，就是對憲法更為誠實的解讀。魯比奧今年僅有43歲，因此他的資歷也許不足以使他在2023年接替希拉里克林頓。但就目前而言，他是保守黨最具效率的旗手，因為比起發動戰爭和減少個人所得稅，現在的保守黨顯然更擔憂減少貧困和降低長期失業率的問題。不管在11月份誰將笑到最后，魯比奧的想法都值得認真考慮。 詞語解釋 1.take control of 控制，掌管，托管 Projection takes place with a minimum ofawareness or conscious control. 投射在最少的知覺或意識控制下發生。 Projection takes place with a minimum ofawareness or conscious control. 投射在最少的知覺或意識控制下發生。 2.burn down 燒為平地 You figure to burn down the Commissioner s, Mr.Frank? 您真想把專員府燒了，弗蘭克先生? The play s villain throws away the news that the house has Burned down. 劇中的惡棍把房子被燒掉了的消息拋到了腦后。 3.open up 打開;開業;開拓 It suddenly occurred to one of the workers to open up the box. 一個工人突然想起打開箱子年個究竟。 The doctor opened up his stomach to get at the source of the trouble. 醫生給他的胃開了刀，以便找出病根。 4.struggle to 艱難地行進;斗爭 At all events, we will carry the struggle to the end. 無論如何，我們要將斗爭進行到底。 We had a struggle to stop the criminal. 我們為截住罪犯進行了搏斗。
2023復習正是強化復習階段，在考研英語中占了40分，所以考研英語閱讀是英語科目中重要的一項。名師老師曾建議過考研生需要堅持每天泛讀10-15分鐘的英文原刊。強烈推薦了雜志《經濟學人》.雜志中的文章也是考研英語的主要材料來源.希望考研考生認真閱讀，快速提高考研英語閱讀水平。 Lexington 萊克星頓 Marco Rubio and the safety net 馬克羅魯比奧和他的安全網 The Republican Party should take the Floridasenator s ideas seriously 共和黨應該把這位佛羅里達州議員的想法當真 MARCO RUBIO S shoulder is sore. The juniorsenator from Florida has just had a cortisone injection to ease the pain from an old footballinjury. Congress is not short of square-jawed jocks. Given that politics often resembles aprofessional sport for the over-40s, this may be no coincidence. Mr Rubio, who won acollege football scholarship, is an extreme case: his autobiography contains 26 referencesto the Miami Dolphins. This mania for running back and forth can overshadow another,distinctly un-jock, interest of Mr Rubio s, which is in social policy. 馬克羅魯比奧最近肩膀酸痛。這位來自佛羅里達的中年譯員剛剛進行了可的松激素注射，以緩解身上因踢足球所受舊傷的疼痛。國會里從來不乏這種方頜運動健將。鑒于政治一向像是40多歲中年人踢的職業比賽，這也許并不是巧合。曾獲得過大學足球獎學金的魯比奧則是其中的極端典型，他的自傳里提到邁阿密海豚隊的次數高達26次。這種對運動場上跑動的狂熱掩蓋了魯比奧另外一個顯然不那么運動的興趣，即對社會政策的關注。 Over the past few months, while many of his colleagues have devoted themselves tomauling the president, he has proposed a series of government interventions to improve thelot of cash-strapped Americans. His aim is to have bills ready to go if Republicans takecontrol of the Senate in November. This is not the first thing people associate with MrRubio, who came to national prominence when he defeated Florida s governor, Charlie Crist,in a Senate race in 2010. At the time he was described as the first Tea Party senator, whichimplied a desire to burn down government and pour salt on the ashes. This was mistaken. 過去的幾個月里，在他的許多同事都投身于總統打壓戰時，魯比奧卻提出了一系列政府干預措施，以改善眾多囊中羞澀的美國人的生活。在他的算盤中，如果共和黨能夠在11月份掌控參議院，這項議案也應當蓄勢待發。但這不是人們提起魯比奧時，最先聯想起的事情。早在2010年，當他在參議員競選中擊敗佛羅里達州州長查理克里斯特時，魯比奧就一戰成名了。當時，他被描述成第一位茶黨參議員。這個名號總讓人覺得他想把政府一燒了之，還要在灰燼里撒鹽以免其鬼魂為禍人間。但這其實只是誤解。 Though Mr Rubio fitted the description of a young insurgent, his background is not that of ananti-government crusader. He first ran for public office aged 26, becoming a member of thecity commission in West Miami, a town of 6,000 people. His tenure is remembered, if at all,for the introduction of a bicycle-mounted policeman. When Alberto Gutman, a state senatorof distinctively Floridian heritage was indicted for a distinctively Floridian crime , opening up positionsfurther down the food chain, Mr Rubio was elected to the statehouse aged just 28. His nineyears there were mostly spent turning the agenda of Jeb Bush, a centrist Republicangovernor, into law. He also showed a wonkish streak, travelling around the state holdingrather earnest-sounding idea-raisers: 100 proposals that emerged from them weresubsequently turned into a book. 盡管魯比奧很符合年輕異見者的形象，但他的背景卻遠不是那種反政府圣戰士的標配。26歲時，他第一次競選官職，成為了擁有6000萬人口的西邁阿密城市委員會中的一員。如果他的任期中有值得銘記的事情，那一定是自行車騎警隊伍的建立。28歲那年，因為很有佛羅里達特色的州議員阿爾貝托 古特曼被以很有佛羅里達特色的罪名醫保欺詐控告，為其下屬騰出了席位，魯比奧被選入州議會。他在這里工作了九年，絕大多數時間是把中立派民主黨州長杰布布什的議程付諸于法。他還展示出了他的書呆子潛質，曾真誠地打著集中民智的旗號，游歷全州。征集到的百條提案隨后都被出書。 When he arrived in the Senate Mr Rubio was hailed as a future saviour of a Republican Partystruggling to appeal to Hispanic voters, on the basis that his parents had left Cuba in 1956.An already difficult task was made harder when he had a fight with Univision, the biggestSpanish-language network, in 2011. It became impossible when House Republicansdeclined to consider an immigration reform bill that Mr Rubio, along with three otherRepublicans and four Democrats, had put his name to. He has since concluded that a law toaddress the 12m undocumented migrants in the country will be impossible until the borderis secure and the criteria for deciding who gets to come change from prioritising familyreunification to favouring workers. 他一進入參議院，就被看做共和黨未來的救星，因為共和黨正在努力吸引西班牙裔選民，而父母在1956年離開古巴的魯比奧自然吃香。但2011年，當魯比奧與美國最大的西班牙語網站環球電視臺展開口角時，這一本就艱難的任務變得難上加難。而當眾議院的共和黨人拒絕考慮魯比奧、三名其他共和黨人士和四名民主黨人士簽署的移民改革法案時，希望徹底破滅。自此，魯比奧得出了一個結論，即除非邊境安全得到確保，以及移民標準不再致力于讓家庭重新團圓而是更加偏愛工人，解決國內1200萬未登記移民問題的法律是不可能被通過的。 This will not win over the voters that the GOP had hoped Mr Rubio would magically deliver:even young Cubans, who have long stood out among Latinos for their attachment to theRepublican Party, have started to switch their loyalties to the Democrats. On climatechange, too, Mr Rubio is hardly a breath of fresh air. Most scientists, he says, agree that manis to blame, but he sees no point in imposing heavy economic costs on Americans foruncertain benefits. 但這也不能爭取到大老黨希望魯比奧施展魔力吸引到的選民群們，長期以來，連拉美裔中一直因為親近共和黨而格外顯眼的古巴年輕人群，都開始轉而向民主黨效忠。在氣候變化問題上，魯比奧也難以讓人耳目一新。盡管他也承認，大多數科學家都認為人類就是氣候變化的罪魁禍首，但卻并無意為了不確定的利益，讓美國人擔起沉重的經濟代價。 If Mr Rubio is going to rescue his party from anything it is from an overly narrow view ofwhat government ought to do. Both Mr Rubio s parents worked at low-wage jobshis fatheras a bartender, his mother at Kmartbut were able to provide a life for him and his siblingsthat was within touching distance of the middle class. In the years since then, he argues, amixture of globalisation and automation have held down wages for low-skilled workers,making it harder for people without university degrees to repeat what his own parentsmanaged to do. 如果魯比奧真的要拯救共和黨，那就必須改變其黨派對政府職能過度狹隘的觀點。魯比奧的父母都是低薪工作者，他的父親是一位酒保，而母親則在零售商店凱馬特中工作，但父母兩人卻能夠為魯比奧及其兄弟姐妹提供媲美中產階級的生活。然而，魯比奧認為，自那以后，全球化和自動化壓低了技藝水平較低的工人的工資，使得沒有大學學歷的工人越來越重演魯比奧父母的故事。 Mr Rubio has various proposals for addressing this, including a federal wage subsidy to topup the incomes of the low-paid. He wants to help more students go to college, but also thinksthe federal government should experiment with hiring people without degrees forwhite-collar work, as an example to other employers. Some of these ideas are unlikely tofly, such as a scheme to allow students to sell a share of their future income in exchangefor money to fund tuition up front. But they show an urge to innovate that the GOP sCongressional wing has been missing. 對此，魯比奧提出了不同議案，包括一項聯邦工資補貼，來補貼低收入者的工資水平。他想要幫助更多的學生就讀大學，但與此同時，他認為聯邦政府也應當試著雇傭沒有大學學歷的人群來從事白領工作，以為其他的雇主帶個好頭。但魯比奧的有些構想是不可能有前途的，比如他曾計劃讓學生放棄一部分未來的收入，以預先用來支付學費。盡管如此，這些想法仍然展現了共和黨在國會中缺失的一種創新欲望。 Does a safety net give people courage to soar? 安全網會讓美國人更加勇敢地高飛嗎? This is daring stuff in the context of today s Republican Party because it envisages a role forgovernment that many conservatives would find distasteful. Where Republican orthodoxysuggests saving poor people from welfare dependency by mercifully reducing the amount ofmoney they receive, Mr Rubio aims to cut welfare spending by reducing the demand for it,keeping funding at the same level but handing anti-poverty programmes over to the statesto figure out what works. I don t take my children to the circus very often, he says, butwhen I do I have noticed that acrobats tend to be much more daring when they have asafety net beneath them. Such support is essential for the success of the free enterprisesystem. 魯比奧代表了當今共和黨派中富有膽識的一派，因為他們為政府構想的職能，是許多保守黨派深覺反感的。當共和黨中的老派人士建議通過仁慈地降低福利水平，以拯救窮人對福利項目的依賴時，魯比奧卻計劃通過降低需求來減少福利開支，將補助水平維持原有標準不改變的同時，把反貧困項目下放到各州，來找出其中有效的方案。他說：我并不經常帶小孩去馬戲團，不過有時候去，我注意到當下面有安全網時，雜技演員會更勇敢。因此，這樣的支持對自由企業體制的成功至關重要。 It is hard to imagine some other Republicans with presidential ambitions saying anything likethat. Senators Rand Paul of Kentucky and Ted Cruz of Texas, for example, often give theimpression that the only thing standing between America and a restoration of the upwardlymobile society of the 1950s is a more faithful interpretation of the constitution. Mr Rubiois only 43, so he is probably not experienced enough to take on Hillary Clinton in 2023. Butright now he is the most effective standard-bearer for conservatives who worry more aboutreducing poverty and long-term unemployment than about waging culture wars and cuttingincome tax. Whoever wins in November, these thoughts are worth taking seriously. 很難想象其他有志成為總統的共和黨人士會說出這樣的話。舉個例子，肯塔基州的參議員保羅蘭德和德克薩斯州的特德克魯茲常常給人的印象就是，擋在美國和復興上個世紀五十年代處在上升時期的移動社會之間的唯一阻礙，就是對憲法更為誠實的解讀。魯比奧今年僅有43歲，因此他的資歷也許不足以使他在2023年接替希拉里克林頓。但就目前而言，他是保守黨最具效率的旗手，因為比起發動戰爭和減少個人所得稅，現在的保守黨顯然更擔憂減少貧困和降低長期失業率的問題。不管在11月份誰將笑到最后，魯比奧的想法都值得認真考慮。 詞語解釋 1.take control of 控制，掌管，托管 Projection takes place with a minimum ofawareness or conscious control. 投射在最少的知覺或意識控制下發生。 Projection takes place with a minimum ofawareness or conscious control. 投射在最少的知覺或意識控制下發生。 2.burn down 燒為平地 You figure to burn down the Commissioner s, Mr.Frank? 您真想把專員府燒了，弗蘭克先生? The play s villain throws away the news that the house has Burned down. 劇中的惡棍把房子被燒掉了的消息拋到了腦后。 3.open up 打開;開業;開拓 It suddenly occurred to one of the workers to open up the box. 一個工人突然想起打開箱子年個究竟。 The doctor opened up his stomach to get at the source of the trouble. 醫生給他的胃開了刀，以便找出病根。 4.struggle to 艱難地行進;斗爭 At all events, we will carry the struggle to the end. 無論如何，我們要將斗爭進行到底。 We had a struggle to stop the criminal. 我們為截住罪犯進行了搏斗。
