斯里蘭卡穆斯林

　　2023復習正是強化復習階段，在考研英語中占了40分，所以考研英語閱讀是英語科目中重要的一項。名師老師曾建議過考研生需要堅持每天泛讀10-15分鐘的英文原刊。強烈推薦了雜志《經濟學人》.雜志中的文章也是考研英語的主要材料來源.希望考研考生認真閱讀，快速提高考研英語閱讀水平。 　　Sri Lanka s Muslims 　　斯里蘭卡穆斯林 　　Buddhist power 　　佛教武裝 　　Another minority is under threat 　　又一個少數群體遭受威脅 　　Living in fear 　　活在恐懼中 　　FIVE years after the end of a bloody civil war that pitted Sri Lanka s ethnic-Sinhala-dominatedgovernment against members of its Tamil minority, fears are growing about mountingviolence along another of the country s fault-linesreligion. On June 15th Sinhala Buddhistmobs rampaged through three towns on the southern coast, burning and attacking Muslimbusinesses and homes. Families cowered in marshes and took refuge in mosques as crowdsbanged on doors, baying for Muslims to come out. Some carried clubs, others flung petrolbombs. 　　五年之前，主要民族僧伽羅人控制的政府軍和泰米爾少數民族之間的血腥內戰讓斯里蘭卡變得遍地彈坑。如今，對于該國不同宗教間不斷增加的暴力沖突的擔憂也越來越多。6月15日，僧伽羅佛教暴徒在南部沿海的三個城鎮實施暴行，焚燒和襲擊了穆斯林商店和居住地。大群暴徒敲打著穆斯林的家門，叫囂著讓他們滾出去。這些暴徒拿著木棒，揮舞著汽油炸彈，所以居民們只能退縮到沼澤或到清真寺里去尋求保護。 　　The violence sputtered for nearly two days. Four people, three of them Muslims, were killed,and about 80 were injured. Calm was restored only when the army stepped in on June 17th.Outnumbered, the police and their special forces had struggled to beat back the mobs. AngryMuslims say many stood by and did nothing. 　　暴行持續了兩天，造成4人死亡，80人受傷。直到17日，軍隊進入事發地區后才恢復了平靜。這之前，寡不敵眾的警方和特殊武裝一直在勉強對抗暴徒。憤怒的穆斯林表示很多軍人只是在圍觀，而沒有采取任何行為。 　　The mobs were incited by an inflammatory speech from a Buddhist monk named GalagodaAththe Gnanasara. A rabble-rouser like the Burmese monk, Wirathu, whom he recentlyvisited, Mr Gnanasara leads an organisation called Bodu Bala Sena , or Buddhist PowerForce, that supports militancy against minorities to preserve the dominance of the Buddhistmajority. Muslims have been particular targets. Although just 10% of the population, theyare making headway in business and finance. Most shops attacked this week were run byMuslims. Some were razed to the ground. 　　這些暴徒是受到了佛教僧侶Galagoda Aththe Gnanasara講話的煽動。Gnanasara是一個和緬甸僧侶維拉圖一樣的煽動者，他最近還拜訪了后者。Gnanasara領導著一支名為Bodu Bala Sena的組織，該組織支持用武裝力量打擊少數教派來保住多數人信奉的佛教的統治地位。穆斯林被列為主要的打擊對象。只占10%的人口的穆斯林在貿易和財政行業表現出色。本周受到襲擊的店鋪大多為穆斯林經營的。但其中不少被夷為了平地。 　　The BBS organised a rally in the town of Aluthgama at which Mr Gnanasara raged that anymarakkalayawho laid a finger on a Sinhalese was doomed. His timing was pointed. Threedays earlier hundreds of angry people had surrounded the Aluthgama police station after aMuslim man assaulted the driver of a Buddhist monk following a traffic dispute. The monkclaimed that he too had been wounded. The government was blamed for allowing the BBSmeeting to take place so soon after the incident. The inspector-general of police said he hadthought the rally would end peacefully. Muslim parliamentarians countered that they had triedhard to stop it from going ahead. Mr Gnanasara s hate speech clearly violates the law. Nor isthis the first time he has incited violence against Muslims. He has not yet been arrested forhis latest speech, though on June 17th the police got a court order to stop another BBS rally.They have been authorised to shoot violators. 　　佛教武裝力量曾組織在Aluthgama鎮發起了一次集會，集會上Gnanasara憤怒地表示任何一個動了僧伽羅人的marakkalaya都完蛋了。他刻意選擇了這個時機。3天前，因為一名穆斯林男子在一次交通糾紛后襲擊了佛教徒司機，數百民憤怒的民眾包圍了Aluthgama警察局。這個佛教徒司機稱自己也受了傷。在事故發生后這么短的時間內居然讓佛教武裝力量舉行了集會，政府因此飽受指摘。警察總長表示，他本以為集會和平結束。穆斯林議員們也反駁說，他們已經為阻止集會發生做了很多努力。Gnanasara充滿惡意的演講明顯違反了法律，而且這已經不是他第一次煽動對于穆斯林的仇恨。目前，Gnanasara還沒有因為最近的這次演講而被逮捕，但警方在6月17號接到了阻止佛教武裝力量集會的法庭命令。他們也被允許對反抗者開槍。 　　The local press has largely ignored or played down the rioting. As it was under way PresidentMahinda Rajapaksa was in Bolivia at the G77 summit, tweeting breezily about climatechange. After being criticised for his apparent insouciance, he did take to Twitter again topledge to bring to book those responsible. He has promised an investigation and has saidthe government will rebuild destroyed houses and shops. But his government will find it hardto portray itself as a staunch defender of its Muslim minority. 　　大部分地方媒體忽視或是淡化了這次暴動。正在玻利維亞參加77國集團峰會的馬欣達拉賈帕克薩總統也是如此，他輕描淡寫地發布著關于氣候變化的推特。被批評為漠不關心后，總統又再發推特，保證會譴責這些不負責任的人。他還承諾會展開調查，并表示政府將修復被摧毀的房屋和店面。但是拉賈帕克薩政府很難讓人相信他們會成為為穆斯林少數群體堅定的保護者。 　　詞語解釋 　　1.under threat 受到威脅 　　But hamas s hegemony is now under threat. 　　但是哈馬斯的領導權現在受到威脅。 　　Meanwhile, microsoft s core software business isunder threat. 　　與此同時，微軟的核心軟件業務正面臨威脅。 　　2.step in 干涉;介入;進入 　　So trustbusters may have to step in. 　　所以此時反壟斷者們不得不介入。 　　So regulators may have to step in. 　　所以，監管機構可能不得不介入。 　　3.struggle to 斗爭 　　Regulators would struggle to do any better. 　　規制者很難做得更好。 　　Companies in developing nations still struggle to bolster balance sheets by raising equity. 　　發展中國家的企業仍很難通過籌集股本為資產負債表提供支持。 　　4.blame for 責怪,責備 　　The blame for this impasse falls mostly on republicans. 　　共和黨人應承擔造成此僵局的主要責任。 　　All presidents tend to get the blame for high fuel prices. 　　世界各國的領袖都會因油價高企而受到指責。

　　2023復習正是強化復習階段，在考研英語中占了40分，所以考研英語閱讀是英語科目中重要的一項。名師老師曾建議過考研生需要堅持每天泛讀10-15分鐘的英文原刊。強烈推薦了雜志《經濟學人》.雜志中的文章也是考研英語的主要材料來源.希望考研考生認真閱讀，快速提高考研英語閱讀水平。 　　Sri Lanka s Muslims 　　斯里蘭卡穆斯林 　　Buddhist power 　　佛教武裝 　　Another minority is under threat 　　又一個少數群體遭受威脅 　　Living in fear 　　活在恐懼中 　　FIVE years after the end of a bloody civil war that pitted Sri Lanka s ethnic-Sinhala-dominatedgovernment against members of its Tamil minority, fears are growing about mountingviolence along another of the country s fault-linesreligion. On June 15th Sinhala Buddhistmobs rampaged through three towns on the southern coast, burning and attacking Muslimbusinesses and homes. Families cowered in marshes and took refuge in mosques as crowdsbanged on doors, baying for Muslims to come out. Some carried clubs, others flung petrolbombs. 　　五年之前，主要民族僧伽羅人控制的政府軍和泰米爾少數民族之間的血腥內戰讓斯里蘭卡變得遍地彈坑。如今，對于該國不同宗教間不斷增加的暴力沖突的擔憂也越來越多。6月15日，僧伽羅佛教暴徒在南部沿海的三個城鎮實施暴行，焚燒和襲擊了穆斯林商店和居住地。大群暴徒敲打著穆斯林的家門，叫囂著讓他們滾出去。這些暴徒拿著木棒，揮舞著汽油炸彈，所以居民們只能退縮到沼澤或到清真寺里去尋求保護。 　　The violence sputtered for nearly two days. Four people, three of them Muslims, were killed,and about 80 were injured. Calm was restored only when the army stepped in on June 17th.Outnumbered, the police and their special forces had struggled to beat back the mobs. AngryMuslims say many stood by and did nothing. 　　暴行持續了兩天，造成4人死亡，80人受傷。直到17日，軍隊進入事發地區后才恢復了平靜。這之前，寡不敵眾的警方和特殊武裝一直在勉強對抗暴徒。憤怒的穆斯林表示很多軍人只是在圍觀，而沒有采取任何行為。 　　The mobs were incited by an inflammatory speech from a Buddhist monk named GalagodaAththe Gnanasara. A rabble-rouser like the Burmese monk, Wirathu, whom he recentlyvisited, Mr Gnanasara leads an organisation called Bodu Bala Sena , or Buddhist PowerForce, that supports militancy against minorities to preserve the dominance of the Buddhistmajority. Muslims have been particular targets. Although just 10% of the population, theyare making headway in business and finance. Most shops attacked this week were run byMuslims. Some were razed to the ground. 　　這些暴徒是受到了佛教僧侶Galagoda Aththe Gnanasara講話的煽動。Gnanasara是一個和緬甸僧侶維拉圖一樣的煽動者，他最近還拜訪了后者。Gnanasara領導著一支名為Bodu Bala Sena的組織，該組織支持用武裝力量打擊少數教派來保住多數人信奉的佛教的統治地位。穆斯林被列為主要的打擊對象。只占10%的人口的穆斯林在貿易和財政行業表現出色。本周受到襲擊的店鋪大多為穆斯林經營的。但其中不少被夷為了平地。 　　The BBS organised a rally in the town of Aluthgama at which Mr Gnanasara raged that anymarakkalayawho laid a finger on a Sinhalese was doomed. His timing was pointed. Threedays earlier hundreds of angry people had surrounded the Aluthgama police station after aMuslim man assaulted the driver of a Buddhist monk following a traffic dispute. The monkclaimed that he too had been wounded. The government was blamed for allowing the BBSmeeting to take place so soon after the incident. The inspector-general of police said he hadthought the rally would end peacefully. Muslim parliamentarians countered that they had triedhard to stop it from going ahead. Mr Gnanasara s hate speech clearly violates the law. Nor isthis the first time he has incited violence against Muslims. He has not yet been arrested forhis latest speech, though on June 17th the police got a court order to stop another BBS rally.They have been authorised to shoot violators. 　　佛教武裝力量曾組織在Aluthgama鎮發起了一次集會，集會上Gnanasara憤怒地表示任何一個動了僧伽羅人的marakkalaya都完蛋了。他刻意選擇了這個時機。3天前，因為一名穆斯林男子在一次交通糾紛后襲擊了佛教徒司機，數百民憤怒的民眾包圍了Aluthgama警察局。這個佛教徒司機稱自己也受了傷。在事故發生后這么短的時間內居然讓佛教武裝力量舉行了集會，政府因此飽受指摘。警察總長表示，他本以為集會和平結束。穆斯林議員們也反駁說，他們已經為阻止集會發生做了很多努力。Gnanasara充滿惡意的演講明顯違反了法律，而且這已經不是他第一次煽動對于穆斯林的仇恨。目前，Gnanasara還沒有因為最近的這次演講而被逮捕，但警方在6月17號接到了阻止佛教武裝力量集會的法庭命令。他們也被允許對反抗者開槍。 　　The local press has largely ignored or played down the rioting. As it was under way PresidentMahinda Rajapaksa was in Bolivia at the G77 summit, tweeting breezily about climatechange. After being criticised for his apparent insouciance, he did take to Twitter again topledge to bring to book those responsible. He has promised an investigation and has saidthe government will rebuild destroyed houses and shops. But his government will find it hardto portray itself as a staunch defender of its Muslim minority. 　　大部分地方媒體忽視或是淡化了這次暴動。正在玻利維亞參加77國集團峰會的馬欣達拉賈帕克薩總統也是如此，他輕描淡寫地發布著關于氣候變化的推特。被批評為漠不關心后，總統又再發推特，保證會譴責這些不負責任的人。他還承諾會展開調查，并表示政府將修復被摧毀的房屋和店面。但是拉賈帕克薩政府很難讓人相信他們會成為為穆斯林少數群體堅定的保護者。 　　詞語解釋 　　1.under threat 受到威脅 　　But hamas s hegemony is now under threat. 　　但是哈馬斯的領導權現在受到威脅。 　　Meanwhile, microsoft s core software business isunder threat. 　　與此同時，微軟的核心軟件業務正面臨威脅。 　　2.step in 干涉;介入;進入 　　So trustbusters may have to step in. 　　所以此時反壟斷者們不得不介入。 　　So regulators may have to step in. 　　所以，監管機構可能不得不介入。 　　3.struggle to 斗爭 　　Regulators would struggle to do any better. 　　規制者很難做得更好。 　　Companies in developing nations still struggle to bolster balance sheets by raising equity. 　　發展中國家的企業仍很難通過籌集股本為資產負債表提供支持。 　　4.blame for 責怪,責備 　　The blame for this impasse falls mostly on republicans. 　　共和黨人應承擔造成此僵局的主要責任。 　　All presidents tend to get the blame for high fuel prices. 　　世界各國的領袖都會因油價高企而受到指責。