世界如何看待美國

　　2023復習正是強化復習階段，在考研英語中占了40分，所以考研英語閱讀是英語科目中重要的一項。名師老師曾建議過考研生需要堅持每天泛讀10-15分鐘的英文原刊。強烈推薦了雜志《經濟學人》.雜志中的文章也是考研英語的主要材料來源.希望考研考生認真閱讀，快速提高考研英語閱讀水平。 　　How the world sees America 　　世界如何看待美國? 　　Still on a hill 　　依然在巔峰 　　The NSA s snooping has done less damage thanpreviously thought 　　美國國家安全局的窺探造成的破壞比預想的要小 　　VOTERS, journalists and just about everyone payingattention to politics all tend to overestimate the power of the president. When BarackObama won the White House in 2008, many Americans were dazzled by his promises ofchange at home and a more judicious mix of strength and humility abroad. Indeed, it washoped that Mr Obama would rescue America s image after eight years of George Bush sbrand of cowboy-booted diplomacy. Since then, America s worries about how the worldsees the president, and by extension the country, have divided between those who think heis aloof and reluctant to use military force, which makes America look weak, and thosewho think his administration intervenes too much, making the country seem callous. 　　選民、記者以及關注政治的民眾貌似都高估了總統的權力。當奧巴馬總統2008年競選成功入主白宮時，眾多的美國民眾被其國內改革和判斷準確的實力與謙虛并重的國外政策弄得眼花繚亂。確實，在經歷了布什總統8年的牛仔外交之后，人們希望奧巴馬能夠拯救美國的國家形象。自此以后，美國民眾對世界如何看待美國總統及其怎樣讓國家富強的擔憂已經分為兩大陣營。一些人認為他不愿意使用軍事力量，這讓美國看起來十分懦弱，另一些民眾則認為他干涉過多，讓這個國家看起來很不近人情。 　　This seems to have passed the rest of the world by, according to a Pew Research Centreworld poll, published on July 14th. Foreigners do not much like being snooped on, and mostcountries disapprove of America s use of drones. Yet most places outside the Middle East stillview America favourably. Nor does America s disenchantment with its president, whose jobapproval numbers hover around 40%, seem to be echoed elsewhere. Taking Pew s numberson whether countries expect Mr Obama to do the right thing in world affairs and comparingthem with state-by-state presidential approval numbers from Gallup, it turns out that the44th president is more popular in China than in all but three of the 50 states: Maryland,Massachusetts and Hawaii. 　　根據皮尤調查研究中心7月14日發布的國際民意思調查報告，這種觀點似乎不為外界所知。外國人不是很喜歡被窺視，許多國家都反對美國使用無人機。然而在中東以外的許多地區人們依然很喜歡美國。美國民眾并沒有對其總統失去信心、不抱幻想。總統的工作得到40%的民眾的支持，這也在其他方面得到回應。 　　Mr Obama s popularity in China could come in handy. The most alarming finding in the studyis that 62% of those polled in China worry that its border disputes will lead to armedconflict. Some 67% of Americans say the same thing. The president s approval ratings diddrop considerably in the two countries most affronted by the NSA: Brazil and Germany. Yetthese opinions should be placed in context. Brazilians have long harboured suspicions ofAmerica. The country s president, Dilma Rousseff, was once tortured for her opposition to amilitary government that most people on the Brazilian left believe was supported byAmerica; the government that did the torturing fretted that Yankees might come and grabthe Amazon. 　　奧巴馬在中國的歡迎程度極易可得。最令人警醒的結果是調查中，接受調查的中國人里約62%的人擔心邊界爭端將會導致武裝沖突。約67%的美國人也表達了同樣的看法。總統的支持率在被美國國家安全局公然侮辱的兩個國家驟降。然而這些觀點必須放在特定的語境中審視。長期以來，巴西人就對美國持懷疑態度。巴西總統迪爾瑪盧瑟福曾經因為她反對軍事政府而遭折磨，而絕大多數的巴西左派人士認為這一軍事政府是美國支持的。實施折磨的政府擔心美國人可能會入侵并攫取亞馬孫地區。 　　Meanwhile Germany s internal history with snooping has left the country wary of allgovernment surveillance. And even Germans view America more favourably now than theydid when Mr Bush was in charge. The one place where Obama s America is much lesspopular than Mr Bush s is Russia, a fact likely to be passed over when Republicans discusshow Mr Obama s weakness has emboldened Vladimir Putin. 　　與此同時，德國窺探的內部歷史使這個國家堤防所有形式的政府監視。現在，甚至連德國，相較于布什主政時期，對美國的態度更為友善。唯一一個讓奧巴馬通知下的美國不如布什時代受歡迎的國家是俄羅斯，這是共和黨人討論奧巴馬的羸弱怎樣給普金壯膽很可能會忽視的一個環節。 　　Unfortunately what Pew s numbers also suggest is that being well regarded does not count formuch. Mr Obama s presence in the White House has improved America s image abroad, butthat has not helped to bring trade pacts, peace in the Middle East, a worldwide deal to cutcarbon-dioxide emissions or any of the other things Mr Obama s boosters once thought hecould achieve. Like most presidents, Mr Obama has so far had a foreign policy that consistsof making unpleasant and unsatisfactory choices when faced with crises, rather thanreshaping the world. 　　然而不幸的是，皮尤調查中心的數據同時還表明被友好地對待并不能說明太多問題。奧巴馬入主白宮確實提升了美國在國外的國家形象，但是這并沒有幫助帶來貿易協定、中東地區的和平、全球范圍的二氧化碳減排協議抑或是其他奧巴馬總統的支持者曾經認為他所能帶來的變化。正如許多其他的總統一樣，目前為止，奧巴馬總統在面對危機的時候，他所倡導的外交政策是做一些令人不愉快不滿意的選擇而非重整整個世界的秩序。 　　詞語解釋 　　1.reluctant to 勉強的 　　And so you and the others can become reluctant todo so and instead just play along. 　　所以你和其他人就會變得勉為其難，而不是僅僅在一起玩下去。 　　One solution would be to duplicate the list inXML, but we re reluctant to do so because the listchanges frequently. 　　一個解決方案是以 XML 格式復制該列表，但我們不太愿意這樣做，因為該列表經常更改。 　　2.military force 軍事力量 　　We are deploying military force in association with our allies in order to achieve clear butlimited goals. 　　為了完成清晰而又有限的目標，我們正在與我們的歐洲同盟一道部署軍事力量。 　　This week the Pentagon said that computer sabotage coming from another country canconstitute an act of war, to which it may respond using traditional military force. 　　這個星期五角大樓稱來自其它國家的計算機破壞行為將構成戰爭行為，對此美國將會使用傳統軍事力量作為回應。 　　3.according to 根據，按照;取決于 　　They do everything according to Hoyle. 　　他們一切都按照規定辦理。 　　According to the Christian religion,Jesus Christ resurrected from death. 　　根據基督教的說法，耶穌基督曾死而復生。 　　4.seem to 似乎，好象 　　Some people seem to be always lucky. 　　有些人似乎從來都是幸運的。 　　I seem to see someone going into my house. 　　我好像看見有人走進了我的家。

　　2023復習正是強化復習階段，在考研英語中占了40分，所以考研英語閱讀是英語科目中重要的一項。名師老師曾建議過考研生需要堅持每天泛讀10-15分鐘的英文原刊。強烈推薦了雜志《經濟學人》.雜志中的文章也是考研英語的主要材料來源.希望考研考生認真閱讀，快速提高考研英語閱讀水平。 　　How the world sees America 　　世界如何看待美國? 　　Still on a hill 　　依然在巔峰 　　The NSA s snooping has done less damage thanpreviously thought 　　美國國家安全局的窺探造成的破壞比預想的要小 　　VOTERS, journalists and just about everyone payingattention to politics all tend to overestimate the power of the president. When BarackObama won the White House in 2008, many Americans were dazzled by his promises ofchange at home and a more judicious mix of strength and humility abroad. Indeed, it washoped that Mr Obama would rescue America s image after eight years of George Bush sbrand of cowboy-booted diplomacy. Since then, America s worries about how the worldsees the president, and by extension the country, have divided between those who think heis aloof and reluctant to use military force, which makes America look weak, and thosewho think his administration intervenes too much, making the country seem callous. 　　選民、記者以及關注政治的民眾貌似都高估了總統的權力。當奧巴馬總統2008年競選成功入主白宮時，眾多的美國民眾被其國內改革和判斷準確的實力與謙虛并重的國外政策弄得眼花繚亂。確實，在經歷了布什總統8年的牛仔外交之后，人們希望奧巴馬能夠拯救美國的國家形象。自此以后，美國民眾對世界如何看待美國總統及其怎樣讓國家富強的擔憂已經分為兩大陣營。一些人認為他不愿意使用軍事力量，這讓美國看起來十分懦弱，另一些民眾則認為他干涉過多，讓這個國家看起來很不近人情。 　　This seems to have passed the rest of the world by, according to a Pew Research Centreworld poll, published on July 14th. Foreigners do not much like being snooped on, and mostcountries disapprove of America s use of drones. Yet most places outside the Middle East stillview America favourably. Nor does America s disenchantment with its president, whose jobapproval numbers hover around 40%, seem to be echoed elsewhere. Taking Pew s numberson whether countries expect Mr Obama to do the right thing in world affairs and comparingthem with state-by-state presidential approval numbers from Gallup, it turns out that the44th president is more popular in China than in all but three of the 50 states: Maryland,Massachusetts and Hawaii. 　　根據皮尤調查研究中心7月14日發布的國際民意思調查報告，這種觀點似乎不為外界所知。外國人不是很喜歡被窺視，許多國家都反對美國使用無人機。然而在中東以外的許多地區人們依然很喜歡美國。美國民眾并沒有對其總統失去信心、不抱幻想。總統的工作得到40%的民眾的支持，這也在其他方面得到回應。 　　Mr Obama s popularity in China could come in handy. The most alarming finding in the studyis that 62% of those polled in China worry that its border disputes will lead to armedconflict. Some 67% of Americans say the same thing. The president s approval ratings diddrop considerably in the two countries most affronted by the NSA: Brazil and Germany. Yetthese opinions should be placed in context. Brazilians have long harboured suspicions ofAmerica. The country s president, Dilma Rousseff, was once tortured for her opposition to amilitary government that most people on the Brazilian left believe was supported byAmerica; the government that did the torturing fretted that Yankees might come and grabthe Amazon. 　　奧巴馬在中國的歡迎程度極易可得。最令人警醒的結果是調查中，接受調查的中國人里約62%的人擔心邊界爭端將會導致武裝沖突。約67%的美國人也表達了同樣的看法。總統的支持率在被美國國家安全局公然侮辱的兩個國家驟降。然而這些觀點必須放在特定的語境中審視。長期以來，巴西人就對美國持懷疑態度。巴西總統迪爾瑪盧瑟福曾經因為她反對軍事政府而遭折磨，而絕大多數的巴西左派人士認為這一軍事政府是美國支持的。實施折磨的政府擔心美國人可能會入侵并攫取亞馬孫地區。 　　Meanwhile Germany s internal history with snooping has left the country wary of allgovernment surveillance. And even Germans view America more favourably now than theydid when Mr Bush was in charge. The one place where Obama s America is much lesspopular than Mr Bush s is Russia, a fact likely to be passed over when Republicans discusshow Mr Obama s weakness has emboldened Vladimir Putin. 　　與此同時，德國窺探的內部歷史使這個國家堤防所有形式的政府監視。現在，甚至連德國，相較于布什主政時期，對美國的態度更為友善。唯一一個讓奧巴馬通知下的美國不如布什時代受歡迎的國家是俄羅斯，這是共和黨人討論奧巴馬的羸弱怎樣給普金壯膽很可能會忽視的一個環節。 　　Unfortunately what Pew s numbers also suggest is that being well regarded does not count formuch. Mr Obama s presence in the White House has improved America s image abroad, butthat has not helped to bring trade pacts, peace in the Middle East, a worldwide deal to cutcarbon-dioxide emissions or any of the other things Mr Obama s boosters once thought hecould achieve. Like most presidents, Mr Obama has so far had a foreign policy that consistsof making unpleasant and unsatisfactory choices when faced with crises, rather thanreshaping the world. 　　然而不幸的是，皮尤調查中心的數據同時還表明被友好地對待并不能說明太多問題。奧巴馬入主白宮確實提升了美國在國外的國家形象，但是這并沒有幫助帶來貿易協定、中東地區的和平、全球范圍的二氧化碳減排協議抑或是其他奧巴馬總統的支持者曾經認為他所能帶來的變化。正如許多其他的總統一樣，目前為止，奧巴馬總統在面對危機的時候，他所倡導的外交政策是做一些令人不愉快不滿意的選擇而非重整整個世界的秩序。 　　詞語解釋 　　1.reluctant to 勉強的 　　And so you and the others can become reluctant todo so and instead just play along. 　　所以你和其他人就會變得勉為其難，而不是僅僅在一起玩下去。 　　One solution would be to duplicate the list inXML, but we re reluctant to do so because the listchanges frequently. 　　一個解決方案是以 XML 格式復制該列表，但我們不太愿意這樣做，因為該列表經常更改。 　　2.military force 軍事力量 　　We are deploying military force in association with our allies in order to achieve clear butlimited goals. 　　為了完成清晰而又有限的目標，我們正在與我們的歐洲同盟一道部署軍事力量。 　　This week the Pentagon said that computer sabotage coming from another country canconstitute an act of war, to which it may respond using traditional military force. 　　這個星期五角大樓稱來自其它國家的計算機破壞行為將構成戰爭行為，對此美國將會使用傳統軍事力量作為回應。 　　3.according to 根據，按照;取決于 　　They do everything according to Hoyle. 　　他們一切都按照規定辦理。 　　According to the Christian religion,Jesus Christ resurrected from death. 　　根據基督教的說法，耶穌基督曾死而復生。 　　4.seem to 似乎，好象 　　Some people seem to be always lucky. 　　有些人似乎從來都是幸運的。 　　I seem to see someone going into my house. 　　我好像看見有人走進了我的家。