澳大利亞和日本
2023復習正是強化復習階段，在考研英語中占了40分，所以考研英語閱讀是英語科目中重要的一項。名師老師曾建議過考研生需要堅持每天泛讀10-15分鐘的英文原刊。強烈推薦了雜志《經濟學人》.雜志中的文章也是考研英語的主要材料來源.希望考研考生認真閱讀，快速提高考研英語閱讀水平。 Australia and Japan 澳大利亞和日本 Scrum-halves 逐利先鋒 Closer security ties with Japan unsettle someAustralians 一些澳大利亞人對澳日更緊密的國防關系感到不安 THE prime minister of Japan, Shinzo Abe, flew tothe Australian outback s red desert on July 9th to inspect the commodity that once definedhis country s relations with Australia: iron ore. He left behind policy wonks in Canberra, thecapital, digesting his blunt call a day earlier for a truly new base for the relationshipbetween the two countries. After acknowledging the second world war, in which Australia andJapan were mortal enemies, Mr Abe told Parliament that Australia and Japan must now joinup in a scrum, just like in rugby to nurture regional peace. Many Australians read hisremarks as recruiting Australia as an ally in Japan s disputes with China, creating a growingdilemma for some in the host country. 七月九日，日本總理安倍晉三飛往澳大利亞境內的紅沙漠視察當地的鐵礦，該商品曾一度奠定了日澳兩國關系。在首都堪培拉，安倍 摒棄其政治專攻的形象，一天前，安倍坦言需為兩國關系著想，尋求可靠的合作新基礎。澳日兩國在二戰中為宿敵，在日本承認其在二戰中的罪行后，安倍授意議會澳日兩國的當務之急是像橄欖球的隊友一樣，在亂局中聯起手來，并以此維護區域和平。大部分澳大利亞人將安倍的言辭視為日本是在中日爭端中為本國招募盟友，為了自身利益，卻使澳在進退維谷的漩渦中越陷越深。 Mr Abe had arrived from New Zealand, where John Key, the prime minister, opposed anyattempt by Japan to resume whaling in the Antarctic Ocean following the International Courtof Justice s ruling against Japan s scientific whale hunts in April. In Canberra, however, MrAbe s sights were fixed more on the Pacific and Indian Oceans. Mr Abe s speech made nomention of China, yet it was all about that country, its growing military posturing and itschallenges to neighbours maritime claims. Mr Abe called on Australia to join Japan in keepingthe Asia-Pacific region s vast seas and its skies open and free. 在此之前，安倍還到訪了新西蘭，其總理約翰凱伊拒絕日本任何關于在南冰洋恢復捕鯨的企劃，因為四月份日本提出的的科學捕鯨計劃違反了國際法庭在此方面的管制。然而，在堪培拉，安倍把目光鎖定在了太平洋和印度洋。安倍雖未曾提及中國，然則其所有舉動皆與中國有關，比如說其上升的軍事態勢，或是其對于中國領海主權的挑釁。安倍呼吁澳大利亞與日本結盟，保衛亞太地區廣袤的海洋，并最大程度實現開放與自由。 As the first Japanese prime minister to address Parliament, Kishi s grandson humblyoffered his most sincere condolences to those who lost their lives. Mr Abe s reference tothe evils and horrors of history was the most expansive such acknowledgment by aJapanese leader on Australian soil. The speech was intended to sound frank andopen-mindedthough not for the first time in the history of Japanese apologetics, itamounted neither to full-blown acceptance of Japanese war guilt nor a clear apology.MrAbe played on historical resonance in a visit that could go down as a key moment in the twocountries relations. In 1957 Mr Abe s grandfather, Nobusuke Kishi, became Japan s firstpost-war prime minister to visit Australia, signing a commerce treaty. Yet Japan s attacksin 1942 on northern Australia and Sydney, and the brutal treatment of Australianprisoners-of-war in New Guinea, Borneo and elsewhere, overshadowed relations for decades. 作為第一位在澳議會發表演講的日本首相，岸信介的孫輩，安倍晉三低聲下氣的向在二戰中死去的人們致以最誠摯的哀悼。在日總理訪澳的歷史上，安倍在演講中提及歷史的不幸和慘劇已算是最為干脆的認罪了。安倍本想讓演講聽起來又坦率又開放盡管安倍不是歷史上首個道歉的首相，但其演講中既沒有充斥著日本對自身戰爭罪行的認識，也沒有包含明確的致歉。此次訪問是決定兩國關系是否下滑的關鍵時刻，安倍走上了其前輩的老路。1957年，安倍晉三的外祖父，成為日本首任戰后首相的岸信介到訪澳大利亞，簽署了一份通商條約。而就在1942年，日本襲擊了澳大利亞北部以及悉尼，殘暴對待新幾內亞，婆羅洲還有其他地區的澳大利亞戰俘，以至于陰影籠罩在兩國關系之上，數十年不散。 But Tony Abbott, Australia s prime minister, was not going to let that get in the way. Heapproved heartily when Mr Abe pronounced that the two countries had cast off one oldlayer to form a new special relationship. The two leaders signed a free-trade agreement,and another pact to share defence equipment and technology. Australia needs to replaceageing submarines, and Japan has world-beating engine technology. 但澳大利亞總理托尼阿伯特打算驅散陰影。他衷心的贊同安倍所宣稱的兩國已不計前嫌，建立新的特別關系。兩國領導簽署餓了自由貿易協定，另有一份分享國防設備和國防技術的合約。澳大利亞需要更新過時的潛艇，而日本有著一流的機械技術。 More closely than anyone, China is watching this cosying up between two of America s keyPacific allies, and it does not approve. That unsettles a number of Australians who worryabout the growing dilemma of relying on China for prosperity and the United States forsecurity. Ever since China displaced Japan as Australia s biggest trading partner sevenyears ago, debate in Australia has focused on how the country should balance its relationswith China, America and Japan. Mr Abbott unsettled some last October when he called Japan Australia s best friend in Asia. He supports Japan s decisionearlier this month to ditch a ban on coming to the military aid of allies if Japan itself is alsounder threat. Mr Abbott welcomes Japan s becoming a more capable strategic partner inour region. 中國比任何國家都要緊密的關注著這兩個美國重要的太平洋盟友感情日益升溫，且并不贊同。在依賴中國以實現經濟繁榮的同時依賴美國以實現國家安全，兩者間產生的越來越大的矛盾另許多澳大利亞人心神不定。自七年前中國取代日本成為澳洲最大的貿易合作伙伴以來，澳洲人民便就該如何平衡中美日三國關系而爭論不休。去年十月，阿伯特明確稱日本是澳洲在亞洲最好的朋友，該言辭令小部分人感到不安。月初，他支持日本受到威脅時恢復來源于盟友的軍事補給路線。阿伯特歡迎日本成為澳洲在亞太地區更有能力的戰略伙伴。 Mr Abbott claims that ours is not a partnership against anyone. But that is precisely wheredoubts remain in the wake of the Abe visit. China s bullying of neighbours over maritimeclaims is behind much anxiety in Asia, and a chief reason why Japan wants to bolster itsown security and recruit friends. Yet Japan s poor relations with neighbours, mainly overwartime history, allows China to tout the myth that Japanese militarism is on the prowl oncemore. Australians care more than most when China chooses to be angry. 阿伯特宣稱日澳關系不針對于任何國家。但確切來說，在安倍到訪后該言論值得斟酌。中國在海防上的壓制令周邊國家感到焦慮，這也是日本想要加強國防，拉攏鄰國的原因。但是日本因戰事導致的與鄰國的惡劣關系，中國可以兜老底，稱日本軍國主義依然遺留。澳洲也十分擔心激怒中國。 In the nearly six decades since Mr Kishi s visit, Australia s relations with Japan have spunpeaceably around strong trade ties and a mutual alliance with America. China s rise hascomplicated that. Hugh White at the Australian National University argues that Australia hasnever had to face a country in its region that is positioning itself as a strategic rival to bothJapan and America. For Australia to assume that its interests can be comfortably yoked toJapan s, he says, would be a very big risk. The problem is, to yoke Australia s interests withChina s would be an even bigger one. 自六十年前岸信介訪澳，澳日關系依賴著大規模的貿易聯系以及與美國同盟維系起來。中國的崛起令這段關系復雜化。澳國立大學的休懷特表示：在亞太地區，澳大利亞從未面臨這樣一個把自己擺在日美兩國戰略敵對關系的國家?？梢韵胂螅拇罄麃喤c日本互為利益伙伴，但結成伙伴確需冒險。而問題在于，澳中利益將更加難以銜接。 詞語解釋 1.tie with 配合;與一致 New Delhi shares Japan s concerns and also eyes acloser tie with Tokyo. 新德里同意日本的一些看法，并且與東京保持著密切的聯系。 This put Kazakhstan in a tie with Thailand for thirdplace in the boxing medal count, behind Cuba andRussia. 這使得哈薩克斯坦和泰國在拳擊獎牌榜上并列第三位，僅次于古巴和俄羅斯。 2.call on 訪問，拜訪;號召 One of Kenya s leading churchmen has called on the government to resign. 肯尼亞宗教界的一位重要人物已呼吁政府下臺。 Sofia was intending to call on Miss Kitts. 索菲婭打算去拜訪基茨小姐。 3.need to 需要;需要做 Do we need to discuss this question? 這個問題還用得著討論嗎? I must alert him to the need to solve the problem. 我必須使他認識到解決這問題的必要性。 4.rely on 依靠，依賴 And all of these freedoms rely on one thing: tolerance. 所有這些自由都依賴于一樣東西：寬容。 Therefore, we are not to rely on feelings, but to have faith in the facts. 因此，我們不能依靠我們的感覺，而是要將信心建立在事實上。
2023復習正是強化復習階段，在考研英語中占了40分，所以考研英語閱讀是英語科目中重要的一項。名師老師曾建議過考研生需要堅持每天泛讀10-15分鐘的英文原刊。強烈推薦了雜志《經濟學人》.雜志中的文章也是考研英語的主要材料來源.希望考研考生認真閱讀，快速提高考研英語閱讀水平。 Australia and Japan 澳大利亞和日本 Scrum-halves 逐利先鋒 Closer security ties with Japan unsettle someAustralians 一些澳大利亞人對澳日更緊密的國防關系感到不安 THE prime minister of Japan, Shinzo Abe, flew tothe Australian outback s red desert on July 9th to inspect the commodity that once definedhis country s relations with Australia: iron ore. He left behind policy wonks in Canberra, thecapital, digesting his blunt call a day earlier for a truly new base for the relationshipbetween the two countries. After acknowledging the second world war, in which Australia andJapan were mortal enemies, Mr Abe told Parliament that Australia and Japan must now joinup in a scrum, just like in rugby to nurture regional peace. Many Australians read hisremarks as recruiting Australia as an ally in Japan s disputes with China, creating a growingdilemma for some in the host country. 七月九日，日本總理安倍晉三飛往澳大利亞境內的紅沙漠視察當地的鐵礦，該商品曾一度奠定了日澳兩國關系。在首都堪培拉，安倍 摒棄其政治專攻的形象，一天前，安倍坦言需為兩國關系著想，尋求可靠的合作新基礎。澳日兩國在二戰中為宿敵，在日本承認其在二戰中的罪行后，安倍授意議會澳日兩國的當務之急是像橄欖球的隊友一樣，在亂局中聯起手來，并以此維護區域和平。大部分澳大利亞人將安倍的言辭視為日本是在中日爭端中為本國招募盟友，為了自身利益，卻使澳在進退維谷的漩渦中越陷越深。 Mr Abe had arrived from New Zealand, where John Key, the prime minister, opposed anyattempt by Japan to resume whaling in the Antarctic Ocean following the International Courtof Justice s ruling against Japan s scientific whale hunts in April. In Canberra, however, MrAbe s sights were fixed more on the Pacific and Indian Oceans. Mr Abe s speech made nomention of China, yet it was all about that country, its growing military posturing and itschallenges to neighbours maritime claims. Mr Abe called on Australia to join Japan in keepingthe Asia-Pacific region s vast seas and its skies open and free. 在此之前，安倍還到訪了新西蘭，其總理約翰凱伊拒絕日本任何關于在南冰洋恢復捕鯨的企劃，因為四月份日本提出的的科學捕鯨計劃違反了國際法庭在此方面的管制。然而，在堪培拉，安倍把目光鎖定在了太平洋和印度洋。安倍雖未曾提及中國，然則其所有舉動皆與中國有關，比如說其上升的軍事態勢，或是其對于中國領海主權的挑釁。安倍呼吁澳大利亞與日本結盟，保衛亞太地區廣袤的海洋，并最大程度實現開放與自由。 As the first Japanese prime minister to address Parliament, Kishi s grandson humblyoffered his most sincere condolences to those who lost their lives. Mr Abe s reference tothe evils and horrors of history was the most expansive such acknowledgment by aJapanese leader on Australian soil. The speech was intended to sound frank andopen-mindedthough not for the first time in the history of Japanese apologetics, itamounted neither to full-blown acceptance of Japanese war guilt nor a clear apology.MrAbe played on historical resonance in a visit that could go down as a key moment in the twocountries relations. In 1957 Mr Abe s grandfather, Nobusuke Kishi, became Japan s firstpost-war prime minister to visit Australia, signing a commerce treaty. Yet Japan s attacksin 1942 on northern Australia and Sydney, and the brutal treatment of Australianprisoners-of-war in New Guinea, Borneo and elsewhere, overshadowed relations for decades. 作為第一位在澳議會發表演講的日本首相，岸信介的孫輩，安倍晉三低聲下氣的向在二戰中死去的人們致以最誠摯的哀悼。在日總理訪澳的歷史上，安倍在演講中提及歷史的不幸和慘劇已算是最為干脆的認罪了。安倍本想讓演講聽起來又坦率又開放盡管安倍不是歷史上首個道歉的首相，但其演講中既沒有充斥著日本對自身戰爭罪行的認識，也沒有包含明確的致歉。此次訪問是決定兩國關系是否下滑的關鍵時刻，安倍走上了其前輩的老路。1957年，安倍晉三的外祖父，成為日本首任戰后首相的岸信介到訪澳大利亞，簽署了一份通商條約。而就在1942年，日本襲擊了澳大利亞北部以及悉尼，殘暴對待新幾內亞，婆羅洲還有其他地區的澳大利亞戰俘，以至于陰影籠罩在兩國關系之上，數十年不散。 But Tony Abbott, Australia s prime minister, was not going to let that get in the way. Heapproved heartily when Mr Abe pronounced that the two countries had cast off one oldlayer to form a new special relationship. The two leaders signed a free-trade agreement,and another pact to share defence equipment and technology. Australia needs to replaceageing submarines, and Japan has world-beating engine technology. 但澳大利亞總理托尼阿伯特打算驅散陰影。他衷心的贊同安倍所宣稱的兩國已不計前嫌，建立新的特別關系。兩國領導簽署餓了自由貿易協定，另有一份分享國防設備和國防技術的合約。澳大利亞需要更新過時的潛艇，而日本有著一流的機械技術。 More closely than anyone, China is watching this cosying up between two of America s keyPacific allies, and it does not approve. That unsettles a number of Australians who worryabout the growing dilemma of relying on China for prosperity and the United States forsecurity. Ever since China displaced Japan as Australia s biggest trading partner sevenyears ago, debate in Australia has focused on how the country should balance its relationswith China, America and Japan. Mr Abbott unsettled some last October when he called Japan Australia s best friend in Asia. He supports Japan s decisionearlier this month to ditch a ban on coming to the military aid of allies if Japan itself is alsounder threat. Mr Abbott welcomes Japan s becoming a more capable strategic partner inour region. 中國比任何國家都要緊密的關注著這兩個美國重要的太平洋盟友感情日益升溫，且并不贊同。在依賴中國以實現經濟繁榮的同時依賴美國以實現國家安全，兩者間產生的越來越大的矛盾另許多澳大利亞人心神不定。自七年前中國取代日本成為澳洲最大的貿易合作伙伴以來，澳洲人民便就該如何平衡中美日三國關系而爭論不休。去年十月，阿伯特明確稱日本是澳洲在亞洲最好的朋友，該言辭令小部分人感到不安。月初，他支持日本受到威脅時恢復來源于盟友的軍事補給路線。阿伯特歡迎日本成為澳洲在亞太地區更有能力的戰略伙伴。 Mr Abbott claims that ours is not a partnership against anyone. But that is precisely wheredoubts remain in the wake of the Abe visit. China s bullying of neighbours over maritimeclaims is behind much anxiety in Asia, and a chief reason why Japan wants to bolster itsown security and recruit friends. Yet Japan s poor relations with neighbours, mainly overwartime history, allows China to tout the myth that Japanese militarism is on the prowl oncemore. Australians care more than most when China chooses to be angry. 阿伯特宣稱日澳關系不針對于任何國家。但確切來說，在安倍到訪后該言論值得斟酌。中國在海防上的壓制令周邊國家感到焦慮，這也是日本想要加強國防，拉攏鄰國的原因。但是日本因戰事導致的與鄰國的惡劣關系，中國可以兜老底，稱日本軍國主義依然遺留。澳洲也十分擔心激怒中國。 In the nearly six decades since Mr Kishi s visit, Australia s relations with Japan have spunpeaceably around strong trade ties and a mutual alliance with America. China s rise hascomplicated that. Hugh White at the Australian National University argues that Australia hasnever had to face a country in its region that is positioning itself as a strategic rival to bothJapan and America. For Australia to assume that its interests can be comfortably yoked toJapan s, he says, would be a very big risk. The problem is, to yoke Australia s interests withChina s would be an even bigger one. 自六十年前岸信介訪澳，澳日關系依賴著大規模的貿易聯系以及與美國同盟維系起來。中國的崛起令這段關系復雜化。澳國立大學的休懷特表示：在亞太地區，澳大利亞從未面臨這樣一個把自己擺在日美兩國戰略敵對關系的國家?？梢韵胂螅拇罄麃喤c日本互為利益伙伴，但結成伙伴確需冒險。而問題在于，澳中利益將更加難以銜接。 詞語解釋 1.tie with 配合;與一致 New Delhi shares Japan s concerns and also eyes acloser tie with Tokyo. 新德里同意日本的一些看法，并且與東京保持著密切的聯系。 This put Kazakhstan in a tie with Thailand for thirdplace in the boxing medal count, behind Cuba andRussia. 這使得哈薩克斯坦和泰國在拳擊獎牌榜上并列第三位，僅次于古巴和俄羅斯。 2.call on 訪問，拜訪;號召 One of Kenya s leading churchmen has called on the government to resign. 肯尼亞宗教界的一位重要人物已呼吁政府下臺。 Sofia was intending to call on Miss Kitts. 索菲婭打算去拜訪基茨小姐。 3.need to 需要;需要做 Do we need to discuss this question? 這個問題還用得著討論嗎? I must alert him to the need to solve the problem. 我必須使他認識到解決這問題的必要性。 4.rely on 依靠，依賴 And all of these freedoms rely on one thing: tolerance. 所有這些自由都依賴于一樣東西：寬容。 Therefore, we are not to rely on feelings, but to have faith in the facts. 因此，我們不能依靠我們的感覺，而是要將信心建立在事實上。
