德國武器公司
2023復習正是強化復習階段，在考研英語中占了40分，所以考研英語閱讀是英語科目中重要的一項。名師老師曾建議過考研生需要堅持每天泛讀10-15分鐘的英文原刊。強烈推薦了雜志《經濟學人》.雜志中的文章也是考研英語的主要材料來源.希望考研考生認真閱讀，快速提高考研英語閱讀水平。 German weapons firms 德國武器公司 No farewell to arms 不和武器說再見 Political pressure and bribery allegations areunlikely to hurt Germany s exporters of militaryequipment. 看起來政治壓力和受賄指控都不會影響德國的軍事裝備出口公司。 SINCE the second world war, Germany has rarely sent soldiers to combat zones. 自二戰以來，德國幾乎不曾向戰爭地區派兵。 But it exports a lot of weapons: more than Britain, France or any other country besidesAmerica and Russia. 然而它卻出口了大量武器：超過英國、法國以及除美國、俄羅斯之外的所有其他國家。 Some German makers of military gear are part of civilian industrial giants, such as AirbusGroup, and ThyssenKrupp, a steelmaker. 德國的武器制造商中有些隸屬于私有的工業巨頭，比如空客集團，還有鋼鐵制造商蒂森克虜伯集團。 But the biggest German company known mainly for weapons, Rheinmetall, is just 26th in theworld league of arms-exporting firms. 然而，即使是德國著名的以武器業務為主的公司中最大的萊茵金屬公司，在世界武器出口公司中也僅僅排在26位。 And Krauss Maffei Wegmann, which makes the Leopard 2 tank, is 54th. 而制造出豹2坦克的Krauss Maffei Wegmann則位居54位。 Germans are, in general, proud of their export prowess. 總的來說，德國對自己的出口實力感到驕傲。 But although foreign sales of weaponry bring in almost 1 billion a year, they are a delicatesubject, and lately beset by bad press. 但是盡管武器外貿帶來了將近10億歐元一年的利潤，這是一項非常微妙的行業，并且近日承受的巨大壓力。 Several German firms are accused of bribery in Greece. 數家德國公司被指控在希臘行賄。 A former defence official there has said that of 8m in bribes he took, 3.2m came fromGerman firms, including Wegmann and Rheinmetall. 希臘一位前國防部官員曾說，在他被行賄的800萬歐元中有320萬來自于德國公司，其中包括Wegman和萊茵金屬公司。 On January 3rd KMW s alleged middleman was detained after a court hearing. 在1月3日，一位宣稱的KMW中間人在庭審后被拘留。 The firm itself denies any bribery. 該公司自己否認有行賄行為。 Atlas, a maker of naval weapons owned jointly by Airbus and ThyssenKrupp, is under firetoo. 空客集團和蒂森克虜伯共有的海軍武器制造商Atlas也正受到打擊。 A former representative in Athens has reportedly admitted to bribery; the company says itis investigating the matter. 一位前雅典代表在報道中承認行賄;該公司則表示其正在進行調查。 On another front, the industry faces criticism over the countries it sells tomost recently overa deal to sell Leopard 2s to Saudi Arabia. 另一方面，該產業因其售賣武器的對象而受到批評最近是因為向沙特阿拉伯賣出豹2。 Arms sales to anywhere other than NATO and NATO-equivalent countries are in principleforbidden. 向北約以及北約等同國家以外的國家和地區銷售武器從原則上說是禁止的。 But the Federal Security Council, headed by Chancellor Angela Merkel, can approveexceptions when foreign policy dictates, as long as they do not harm human rights. 但是由總理安吉拉默克爾領導的聯邦安全局可以在外交政策需要時批準一些特殊情況，只要他們對于人權沒有損害。 Peace campaigners fear that the exceptions are becoming less exceptional. 和平活動者們擔心這些些特殊情況正變得越來越不特殊。 NATO countries budgets are being squeezed, so Germany s armsmakers are looking fartherabroad. 北約國家正緊縮財政，因而德國武器制造商們只能將目光轉向了遠方的國家。 Rheinmetall, for example, has a target of 50% of exports outside Europe by 2023. 比如，萊茵金屬基團計劃在2023年前將歐洲以外地區的出口比重提高到50%。 Asia is a growing target: Singapore recently signed a 1.6 billion deal for ThyssenKruppsubmarines. 亞洲是一個快速成長的目標：新加坡最近簽署了一份價值16億歐元的合同用于購買蒂森克虜伯潛艇。 German small arms are also popular. Heckler Koch s G3 rifle is the world s mostpopular after the Russian AK-47. 德國的小型武器同樣很受歡迎。赫克勒-科赫G3步槍的受歡迎程度僅次于俄國的AK47。 Germany was a leader in pushing the UN to restrict the flow of small arms to war-torncountries. 德國是推動聯合國限制對戰爭頻繁地區的小型武器出售的領導者之一。 But such weapons leak across borders nonetheless. 盡管如此，此類武器依然會進入這些地區。 This is why Helmut Schmidt, a former chancellor, in December urged Germany to restrictarms exports, calling gun deaths a slow-motion Hiroshima and Nagasaki. 這也是為何前總理赫爾穆特施密特在12月督促德國限制武器出口，他稱槍支引發死亡如同慢性的廣島和長崎原子彈爆炸。 His fellow Social Democrat, Frank-Walter Steinmeier, promised to restrict sales if his partymade it into government after last September s elections. 他的社會民主黨同僚，弗蘭克沃爾特施泰因邁爾曾承諾如果去年9月選舉后其黨派成功執政，就會限制武器出口。 It did: Mr Steinmeier is now foreign minister, and sits on the Federal Security Council. 這一條件已經實現：施泰因邁爾現在是外交部長，并任職于聯邦安全委員會。 But Germany s arms exports are probably in little danger, since they have the samereputation for reliability as its cars and other industrial goods. 但是德國的武器出口看似并無危險，因為它的武器產品在可靠性方面有著和汽車及其他工業產品一樣的好名聲。 Even Pieter Wezeman of the Stockholm International Peace Research Institute, a critic ofweapons sales, compares a Heckler Koch gun to a high-quality Leica camera. 甚至斯特哥爾摩和平研究所的Pieter Wezeman，一位武器銷售的批評者，也將赫克勒-科赫槍支比作質量優異的徠卡相機。 Though German soldiers mostly stay clear of combat zones, German weapons arebattle-tested; Leopard tanks in the former Yugoslavia and Afghanistan, for example. 雖然德國士兵不曾踏足戰爭區域，德國的武器可是經過實戰檢驗的;豹型坦克就曾現身前南斯拉夫和阿富汗。 Moreover, there are ways to lessen the controversy of selling things used to wage war. 此外，還有許多方法來減少戰爭武器銷售的爭議性。 For example, making guns for a fighter jet assembled elsewhere is less visible than selling aGerman-made tank. 比如，為在其他地區組裝的戰斗機制造槍支同直接賣出德國制造的坦克相比要不顯眼許多。 Military transport, logistics, surveillance and protective equipment together account for fivetimes as much of German defence firms output as weapons and ammunitionand are lesslikely to be blamed for civilian casualties. 軍事運輸設備、后勤物資、監視和防護設備總計是德國國防公司武器和軍火出口額的5倍，而且這些生意不會受到引發平民死亡的譴責。 Stephan Boehm, an analyst at Commerzbank, sees such non-lethal materiel as a bright spotfor German exporters. 德國商業銀行的分析師Stephan Boehm將這些非致密材料看做是德國出口的閃光點。 The flagging fortunes of Rheinmetall, in particular, should be restored by strong sales ofthe armoured transporters it produces in a joint venture with MAN, a lorry-maker. 需要指出的是，萊茵金屬公司的巨大財富中不少就源自于它和貨車制造商MAN聯合制造的裝甲運輸車輛的良好銷量業績。 Critics say the government is too willing to let arms firms export to dodgy regimes. 不少批評認為政府太想要將武器公司出口到過于冒險的區域。 The Federation of German Security Defence Industries argues that strong exports arecrucial to spread the development costs of the equipment Germany needs to defend itself. 德國安全和國防工業聯合會爭辯說繁榮的武器出口對于分擔德國發展國防設備的花費至關重要。 This would be less of a problem, the lobby group admits, if Europe s fragmented defenceindustry were consolidated; it says the government should not have vetoed a proposal lastyear to merge EADS with BAE Systems of Britain. 游說者們也承認，如果歐洲散亂的國防工業能得到統一的話，這個問題就會小很多;他們還提到，政府不應在去年否決EADS和英國的BAE System合并的提議。 Weapons account for less than 1% of Germany s exports. 武器出口在德國總出口中所占比重不足1%。 But it is a 1% that it, like other countries, is loth to give up. 但是如同其他國家一樣，德國無法割舍這1%。 詞語解釋 1.such as 例如;譬如;諸如 What about future steps such as euro bonds? 諸如歐元聯盟之類的未來計劃怎樣? Imaginary problems such as these are usuallyhiding real ones. 像這樣的臆想的問題通常隱藏真實性的。 2.accuse of 指責，控告 Even the salafis while able to mobilize hundreds for protests against people who they accuseof insulting their religion have yet to convene around a single political ideology or party. 即使是沙拉菲派-同時能夠調動人們誰對他們的侮辱他們的宗教指責抗議數百-尚未召開圍繞一個單一的政治意識形態或政黨。 In cairo, as in alexandria, protesters marched on presidential palaces determined toremove a leader they accuse of oppressing them. 在開羅和亞歷山大，抗議者涌向總統官邸，決心要把這位領導人趕下臺，他們指控穆巴拉克壓迫人民。 3.admit to 承認;允許 And some men admit to occasional pangs of insecurity. 許多男士也承認會偶爾會有不安全感。 Sandy could do nothing but admit to his teacher that he was wrong. 除了向他的老師承認他錯了，桑迪不能做什么。 4.as long as 只要;如果;既然 Music has been with us as long as we can collectively remember. 只要音樂與我們同在，我們就會有共同的記憶。 I didn t mind as long as the customers enjoyed the food. 我不在乎，只要我的客人們喜歡我的食物。
2023復習正是強化復習階段，在考研英語中占了40分，所以考研英語閱讀是英語科目中重要的一項。名師老師曾建議過考研生需要堅持每天泛讀10-15分鐘的英文原刊。強烈推薦了雜志《經濟學人》.雜志中的文章也是考研英語的主要材料來源.希望考研考生認真閱讀，快速提高考研英語閱讀水平。 German weapons firms 德國武器公司 No farewell to arms 不和武器說再見 Political pressure and bribery allegations areunlikely to hurt Germany s exporters of militaryequipment. 看起來政治壓力和受賄指控都不會影響德國的軍事裝備出口公司。 SINCE the second world war, Germany has rarely sent soldiers to combat zones. 自二戰以來，德國幾乎不曾向戰爭地區派兵。 But it exports a lot of weapons: more than Britain, France or any other country besidesAmerica and Russia. 然而它卻出口了大量武器：超過英國、法國以及除美國、俄羅斯之外的所有其他國家。 Some German makers of military gear are part of civilian industrial giants, such as AirbusGroup, and ThyssenKrupp, a steelmaker. 德國的武器制造商中有些隸屬于私有的工業巨頭，比如空客集團，還有鋼鐵制造商蒂森克虜伯集團。 But the biggest German company known mainly for weapons, Rheinmetall, is just 26th in theworld league of arms-exporting firms. 然而，即使是德國著名的以武器業務為主的公司中最大的萊茵金屬公司，在世界武器出口公司中也僅僅排在26位。 And Krauss Maffei Wegmann, which makes the Leopard 2 tank, is 54th. 而制造出豹2坦克的Krauss Maffei Wegmann則位居54位。 Germans are, in general, proud of their export prowess. 總的來說，德國對自己的出口實力感到驕傲。 But although foreign sales of weaponry bring in almost 1 billion a year, they are a delicatesubject, and lately beset by bad press. 但是盡管武器外貿帶來了將近10億歐元一年的利潤，這是一項非常微妙的行業，并且近日承受的巨大壓力。 Several German firms are accused of bribery in Greece. 數家德國公司被指控在希臘行賄。 A former defence official there has said that of 8m in bribes he took, 3.2m came fromGerman firms, including Wegmann and Rheinmetall. 希臘一位前國防部官員曾說，在他被行賄的800萬歐元中有320萬來自于德國公司，其中包括Wegman和萊茵金屬公司。 On January 3rd KMW s alleged middleman was detained after a court hearing. 在1月3日，一位宣稱的KMW中間人在庭審后被拘留。 The firm itself denies any bribery. 該公司自己否認有行賄行為。 Atlas, a maker of naval weapons owned jointly by Airbus and ThyssenKrupp, is under firetoo. 空客集團和蒂森克虜伯共有的海軍武器制造商Atlas也正受到打擊。 A former representative in Athens has reportedly admitted to bribery; the company says itis investigating the matter. 一位前雅典代表在報道中承認行賄;該公司則表示其正在進行調查。 On another front, the industry faces criticism over the countries it sells tomost recently overa deal to sell Leopard 2s to Saudi Arabia. 另一方面，該產業因其售賣武器的對象而受到批評最近是因為向沙特阿拉伯賣出豹2。 Arms sales to anywhere other than NATO and NATO-equivalent countries are in principleforbidden. 向北約以及北約等同國家以外的國家和地區銷售武器從原則上說是禁止的。 But the Federal Security Council, headed by Chancellor Angela Merkel, can approveexceptions when foreign policy dictates, as long as they do not harm human rights. 但是由總理安吉拉默克爾領導的聯邦安全局可以在外交政策需要時批準一些特殊情況，只要他們對于人權沒有損害。 Peace campaigners fear that the exceptions are becoming less exceptional. 和平活動者們擔心這些些特殊情況正變得越來越不特殊。 NATO countries budgets are being squeezed, so Germany s armsmakers are looking fartherabroad. 北約國家正緊縮財政，因而德國武器制造商們只能將目光轉向了遠方的國家。 Rheinmetall, for example, has a target of 50% of exports outside Europe by 2023. 比如，萊茵金屬基團計劃在2023年前將歐洲以外地區的出口比重提高到50%。 Asia is a growing target: Singapore recently signed a 1.6 billion deal for ThyssenKruppsubmarines. 亞洲是一個快速成長的目標：新加坡最近簽署了一份價值16億歐元的合同用于購買蒂森克虜伯潛艇。 German small arms are also popular. Heckler Koch s G3 rifle is the world s mostpopular after the Russian AK-47. 德國的小型武器同樣很受歡迎。赫克勒-科赫G3步槍的受歡迎程度僅次于俄國的AK47。 Germany was a leader in pushing the UN to restrict the flow of small arms to war-torncountries. 德國是推動聯合國限制對戰爭頻繁地區的小型武器出售的領導者之一。 But such weapons leak across borders nonetheless. 盡管如此，此類武器依然會進入這些地區。 This is why Helmut Schmidt, a former chancellor, in December urged Germany to restrictarms exports, calling gun deaths a slow-motion Hiroshima and Nagasaki. 這也是為何前總理赫爾穆特施密特在12月督促德國限制武器出口，他稱槍支引發死亡如同慢性的廣島和長崎原子彈爆炸。 His fellow Social Democrat, Frank-Walter Steinmeier, promised to restrict sales if his partymade it into government after last September s elections. 他的社會民主黨同僚，弗蘭克沃爾特施泰因邁爾曾承諾如果去年9月選舉后其黨派成功執政，就會限制武器出口。 It did: Mr Steinmeier is now foreign minister, and sits on the Federal Security Council. 這一條件已經實現：施泰因邁爾現在是外交部長，并任職于聯邦安全委員會。 But Germany s arms exports are probably in little danger, since they have the samereputation for reliability as its cars and other industrial goods. 但是德國的武器出口看似并無危險，因為它的武器產品在可靠性方面有著和汽車及其他工業產品一樣的好名聲。 Even Pieter Wezeman of the Stockholm International Peace Research Institute, a critic ofweapons sales, compares a Heckler Koch gun to a high-quality Leica camera. 甚至斯特哥爾摩和平研究所的Pieter Wezeman，一位武器銷售的批評者，也將赫克勒-科赫槍支比作質量優異的徠卡相機。 Though German soldiers mostly stay clear of combat zones, German weapons arebattle-tested; Leopard tanks in the former Yugoslavia and Afghanistan, for example. 雖然德國士兵不曾踏足戰爭區域，德國的武器可是經過實戰檢驗的;豹型坦克就曾現身前南斯拉夫和阿富汗。 Moreover, there are ways to lessen the controversy of selling things used to wage war. 此外，還有許多方法來減少戰爭武器銷售的爭議性。 For example, making guns for a fighter jet assembled elsewhere is less visible than selling aGerman-made tank. 比如，為在其他地區組裝的戰斗機制造槍支同直接賣出德國制造的坦克相比要不顯眼許多。 Military transport, logistics, surveillance and protective equipment together account for fivetimes as much of German defence firms output as weapons and ammunitionand are lesslikely to be blamed for civilian casualties. 軍事運輸設備、后勤物資、監視和防護設備總計是德國國防公司武器和軍火出口額的5倍，而且這些生意不會受到引發平民死亡的譴責。 Stephan Boehm, an analyst at Commerzbank, sees such non-lethal materiel as a bright spotfor German exporters. 德國商業銀行的分析師Stephan Boehm將這些非致密材料看做是德國出口的閃光點。 The flagging fortunes of Rheinmetall, in particular, should be restored by strong sales ofthe armoured transporters it produces in a joint venture with MAN, a lorry-maker. 需要指出的是，萊茵金屬公司的巨大財富中不少就源自于它和貨車制造商MAN聯合制造的裝甲運輸車輛的良好銷量業績。 Critics say the government is too willing to let arms firms export to dodgy regimes. 不少批評認為政府太想要將武器公司出口到過于冒險的區域。 The Federation of German Security Defence Industries argues that strong exports arecrucial to spread the development costs of the equipment Germany needs to defend itself. 德國安全和國防工業聯合會爭辯說繁榮的武器出口對于分擔德國發展國防設備的花費至關重要。 This would be less of a problem, the lobby group admits, if Europe s fragmented defenceindustry were consolidated; it says the government should not have vetoed a proposal lastyear to merge EADS with BAE Systems of Britain. 游說者們也承認，如果歐洲散亂的國防工業能得到統一的話，這個問題就會小很多;他們還提到，政府不應在去年否決EADS和英國的BAE System合并的提議。 Weapons account for less than 1% of Germany s exports. 武器出口在德國總出口中所占比重不足1%。 But it is a 1% that it, like other countries, is loth to give up. 但是如同其他國家一樣，德國無法割舍這1%。 詞語解釋 1.such as 例如;譬如;諸如 What about future steps such as euro bonds? 諸如歐元聯盟之類的未來計劃怎樣? Imaginary problems such as these are usuallyhiding real ones. 像這樣的臆想的問題通常隱藏真實性的。 2.accuse of 指責，控告 Even the salafis while able to mobilize hundreds for protests against people who they accuseof insulting their religion have yet to convene around a single political ideology or party. 即使是沙拉菲派-同時能夠調動人們誰對他們的侮辱他們的宗教指責抗議數百-尚未召開圍繞一個單一的政治意識形態或政黨。 In cairo, as in alexandria, protesters marched on presidential palaces determined toremove a leader they accuse of oppressing them. 在開羅和亞歷山大，抗議者涌向總統官邸，決心要把這位領導人趕下臺，他們指控穆巴拉克壓迫人民。 3.admit to 承認;允許 And some men admit to occasional pangs of insecurity. 許多男士也承認會偶爾會有不安全感。 Sandy could do nothing but admit to his teacher that he was wrong. 除了向他的老師承認他錯了，桑迪不能做什么。 4.as long as 只要;如果;既然 Music has been with us as long as we can collectively remember. 只要音樂與我們同在，我們就會有共同的記憶。 I didn t mind as long as the customers enjoyed the food. 我不在乎，只要我的客人們喜歡我的食物。
