美國和南亞
2023復(fù)習(xí)正是強(qiáng)化復(fù)習(xí)階段，在考研英語中占了40分，所以考研英語閱讀是英語科目中重要的一項(xiàng)。名師老師曾建議過考研生需要堅(jiān)持每天泛讀10-15分鐘的英文原刊。強(qiáng)烈推薦了雜志《經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)人》.雜志中的文章也是考研英語的主要材料來源.希望考研考生認(rèn)真閱讀，快速提高考研英語閱讀水平。 America and South Asia 美國和南亞 Infernal triangle 壞到底的三角關(guān)系 A history of America s tangled dealings with Indiaand Pakistan 美國應(yīng)付印巴關(guān)系亂如麻的歷史 A friendly wave from Mr Sharif 謝里夫揮舞著手臂以示友好 Avoiding Armageddon: America, India and Pakistan to the Brink and Back.By Bruce Riedel. 書名：《逃離浩劫：美印巴三國又退到了懸崖邊上》 THE recent election of a new government in Pakistan led by Nawaz Sharif seems to bodewell for an easing of tensions on the subcontinent. When Mr Sharif was last in office, in 1999,he achieved a breakthrough in relations with India. That, however, was soon followed bythe most recent of the four wars the two countries have fought. Undaunted, he says againthat he wants to make friends with India. 目前由納瓦茲謝里夫領(lǐng)導(dǎo)的巴基斯坦展開了新一輪政府大選，這次大選似乎很好地預(yù)示了南亞次大陸緊張局勢有緩解的趨勢。上一次擔(dān)任總理一職還是在1999年，謝里夫當(dāng)時(shí)在處理與印度關(guān)系上取得突破性進(jìn)展;雖然成果很快就由印巴四次戰(zhàn)爭所取代。如今謝里夫毫不氣餒的再一次表示要同印度做朋友。 Five years ago, the last time a new Pakistani government took over, it too promised a newera in relations. That came to naught when a terrorist onslaught on the city of Mumbai wascarried out by Pakistanis with, the evidence suggests, the help of Pakistan s spy service. 五年前上一屆巴基斯坦新政府剛剛掌權(quán)時(shí)，政府同樣承諾開啟印巴關(guān)系新紀(jì)元。隨著孟買遭到恐怖分子的猛烈攻擊，隨著有關(guān)證據(jù)顯示襲擊是巴基斯坦情報(bào)機(jī)關(guān)提供幫助，巴國人策劃實(shí)施，一切都化為泡影。 In his 2009 book, Deadly Embrace, Bruce Riedel, a former CIA analyst long at the centre ofAmerican decision-making about South Asia, told the unhappy story of America s relationswith Pakistan. From the Pakistani side, it was a tale of repeated betrayal by a fickle ally.For the Americans it was one of constant double-dealing from a partner that later couldnot be trusted with an advance warning of the raid that killed Osama bin Laden in 2011. 布魯斯里德爾之前一直在美國決策中心南亞分部任中央情報(bào)局分析員。2009年，里德爾出版《致命的擁抱》，書中講述了關(guān)于美巴不盡如人意的關(guān)系。從巴國角度看，其實(shí)就是一個(gè)善變的盟友反復(fù)無常上演背叛的故事。從美國的角度看，則是一個(gè)伙伴不斷的做一些背信棄義的事情;之后，2011年美國連刺殺本拉登的消息都沒有提前向巴方通告。 Avoiding Armageddon, his new book, adds the other two sides of the triangle: theIndia-Pakistan saga of wars, near- wars and uncertain peaces, and America s scratchyrelations with India. Of course, the main obstacle for India has been America s close tieswith Pakistan. These present American diplomacy with one of its trickiest balancing acts.Pakistan will remain an important ally as American troops pull out of Afghanistan in largenumbers before 2023. Yet, in Mr Riedel s blunt summary: America and Pakistan are onopposite sides in the Afghan civil war. 里德爾的新書《逃離浩劫》將三角關(guān)系的另兩邊加了進(jìn)來：印巴長期以來繁冗的戰(zhàn)事、幾次接近戰(zhàn)爭的邊緣和不確定的和平;美印之間棘手的關(guān)系。誠然，印度眼里的沙子正是美巴之間密切的關(guān)系。這些恰恰展示了美國人技術(shù)含量頗高的外交平衡手段。2023年美軍從阿富汗撤軍之前，巴基斯坦人仍舊是美國重要的盟友。不過，里德爾毫不掩飾的指出：美巴雙方之于阿富汗內(nèi)戰(zhàn)的態(tài)度是完全對立的。 America has also invested heavily in building close ties with India, as a kindred democraticspirit and a counterweight to a rising China. As Mr Riedel points out, Barack Obama is not thefirst president to try to have it both ways in pursuing good relations with both India andPakistan. Mr Riedel also recalls that American presidential efforts have consistently failed. 因?yàn)橛《扰c美國有相同的民主理念，可以作為制衡飛速發(fā)展中國的棋子，美國同樣花了大力氣建立密切的美印關(guān)系。里德爾指出，對于美印和美巴關(guān)系，奧巴馬并不是美國歷史上第一位試圖同時(shí)拉攏的總統(tǒng)。同時(shí)他還回憶說美國總統(tǒng)的這些努力總是在一如既往的失敗。 So America is in a weak position to influence one of the world s most dangerous potentialconflicts. If nuclear war is ever to be fought, India and Pakistan are the most likelybattlefields. India showed remarkable restraint after the 2008 Mumbai attack. It would findit hard to do so again. Pakistan would lose a conventional war with India, so it might betempted to use its nuclear arsenal, which it is expanding fast. 這樣說來，美國即是在以一個(gè)弱勢的角色，想去影響世界上最危險(xiǎn)的潛在沖突。如果世界爆發(fā)核戰(zhàn)爭，印巴絕對是第一戰(zhàn)場。印度在2008年孟買遭襲后顯出了異乎尋常的自制力。但是，如果我們希望印度繼續(xù)克己，當(dāng)真難上加難。巴基斯坦和印度開戰(zhàn)，絕對不會(huì)擁有打常規(guī)戰(zhàn)爭的機(jī)會(huì)，所以巴國也會(huì)動(dòng)用自己的核武器儲備，動(dòng)用本國擴(kuò)充迅猛的核武儲備。 Mr Riedel, like most analysts, is better at describing why it is so difficult to repairIndia-Pakistan relations, and why it would be so desirable to do so, than at charting how.But he has presented a cogent argument that Americaand other outside powersshould betrying harder. 與大多數(shù)分析家一樣，里德爾也更擅長去形容一番為什么印巴關(guān)系難以修復(fù)，為什么兩國沖突不可避免，而不是仔細(xì)觀察，尋找解決之道。好在里德爾展示了一個(gè)令人信服的論證，即美國和其他外部勢力應(yīng)該再加把勁。 詞語解釋 1.in relation with 關(guān)系 In diplomatic relation with other countries, weobserve the five principles based on peacefulco-existence. 在對外關(guān)系中，我們遵循和平共處五項(xiàng)原則。 In their relation with the developing countries anaggressive policy has been followed. 在和發(fā)展中國家的關(guān)系中，他們一直奉行侵略政策。 2.take over 接管 A younger generation will begin to take over. 年輕一代將會(huì)開始接管中國的事務(wù)。 Are you planning on appointing an heir to take over your responsibilities upon retirement? 你有無計(jì)劃在退休時(shí)安排一位接班人接替你的工作? 3.carry out 執(zhí)行;進(jìn)行;完成 Kim jong-il has threatened to carry out more nuclear missile tests. 金正日已威脅道要進(jìn)行更多的核導(dǎo)彈試驗(yàn)。 They say he used a military-style assault rifle to carry out the shooting spree. 警方表示，他使用一支軍用突擊步槍進(jìn)行了這次瘋狂槍殺。 4.trust with 信任 They want to establish trust with you before they give their phone numbers out. 她們希望先建立與你的信任再把電話號碼給你。 Make it easy for people to expose their networks to people they trust with that data. 讓人們能夠很容易地揭露他們的關(guān)系網(wǎng)給他們相信的人。
2023復(fù)習(xí)正是強(qiáng)化復(fù)習(xí)階段，在考研英語中占了40分，所以考研英語閱讀是英語科目中重要的一項(xiàng)。名師老師曾建議過考研生需要堅(jiān)持每天泛讀10-15分鐘的英文原刊。強(qiáng)烈推薦了雜志《經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)人》.雜志中的文章也是考研英語的主要材料來源.希望考研考生認(rèn)真閱讀，快速提高考研英語閱讀水平。 America and South Asia 美國和南亞 Infernal triangle 壞到底的三角關(guān)系 A history of America s tangled dealings with Indiaand Pakistan 美國應(yīng)付印巴關(guān)系亂如麻的歷史 A friendly wave from Mr Sharif 謝里夫揮舞著手臂以示友好 Avoiding Armageddon: America, India and Pakistan to the Brink and Back.By Bruce Riedel. 書名：《逃離浩劫：美印巴三國又退到了懸崖邊上》 THE recent election of a new government in Pakistan led by Nawaz Sharif seems to bodewell for an easing of tensions on the subcontinent. When Mr Sharif was last in office, in 1999,he achieved a breakthrough in relations with India. That, however, was soon followed bythe most recent of the four wars the two countries have fought. Undaunted, he says againthat he wants to make friends with India. 目前由納瓦茲謝里夫領(lǐng)導(dǎo)的巴基斯坦展開了新一輪政府大選，這次大選似乎很好地預(yù)示了南亞次大陸緊張局勢有緩解的趨勢。上一次擔(dān)任總理一職還是在1999年，謝里夫當(dāng)時(shí)在處理與印度關(guān)系上取得突破性進(jìn)展;雖然成果很快就由印巴四次戰(zhàn)爭所取代。如今謝里夫毫不氣餒的再一次表示要同印度做朋友。 Five years ago, the last time a new Pakistani government took over, it too promised a newera in relations. That came to naught when a terrorist onslaught on the city of Mumbai wascarried out by Pakistanis with, the evidence suggests, the help of Pakistan s spy service. 五年前上一屆巴基斯坦新政府剛剛掌權(quán)時(shí)，政府同樣承諾開啟印巴關(guān)系新紀(jì)元。隨著孟買遭到恐怖分子的猛烈攻擊，隨著有關(guān)證據(jù)顯示襲擊是巴基斯坦情報(bào)機(jī)關(guān)提供幫助，巴國人策劃實(shí)施，一切都化為泡影。 In his 2009 book, Deadly Embrace, Bruce Riedel, a former CIA analyst long at the centre ofAmerican decision-making about South Asia, told the unhappy story of America s relationswith Pakistan. From the Pakistani side, it was a tale of repeated betrayal by a fickle ally.For the Americans it was one of constant double-dealing from a partner that later couldnot be trusted with an advance warning of the raid that killed Osama bin Laden in 2011. 布魯斯里德爾之前一直在美國決策中心南亞分部任中央情報(bào)局分析員。2009年，里德爾出版《致命的擁抱》，書中講述了關(guān)于美巴不盡如人意的關(guān)系。從巴國角度看，其實(shí)就是一個(gè)善變的盟友反復(fù)無常上演背叛的故事。從美國的角度看，則是一個(gè)伙伴不斷的做一些背信棄義的事情;之后，2011年美國連刺殺本拉登的消息都沒有提前向巴方通告。 Avoiding Armageddon, his new book, adds the other two sides of the triangle: theIndia-Pakistan saga of wars, near- wars and uncertain peaces, and America s scratchyrelations with India. Of course, the main obstacle for India has been America s close tieswith Pakistan. These present American diplomacy with one of its trickiest balancing acts.Pakistan will remain an important ally as American troops pull out of Afghanistan in largenumbers before 2023. Yet, in Mr Riedel s blunt summary: America and Pakistan are onopposite sides in the Afghan civil war. 里德爾的新書《逃離浩劫》將三角關(guān)系的另兩邊加了進(jìn)來：印巴長期以來繁冗的戰(zhàn)事、幾次接近戰(zhàn)爭的邊緣和不確定的和平;美印之間棘手的關(guān)系。誠然，印度眼里的沙子正是美巴之間密切的關(guān)系。這些恰恰展示了美國人技術(shù)含量頗高的外交平衡手段。2023年美軍從阿富汗撤軍之前，巴基斯坦人仍舊是美國重要的盟友。不過，里德爾毫不掩飾的指出：美巴雙方之于阿富汗內(nèi)戰(zhàn)的態(tài)度是完全對立的。 America has also invested heavily in building close ties with India, as a kindred democraticspirit and a counterweight to a rising China. As Mr Riedel points out, Barack Obama is not thefirst president to try to have it both ways in pursuing good relations with both India andPakistan. Mr Riedel also recalls that American presidential efforts have consistently failed. 因?yàn)橛《扰c美國有相同的民主理念，可以作為制衡飛速發(fā)展中國的棋子，美國同樣花了大力氣建立密切的美印關(guān)系。里德爾指出，對于美印和美巴關(guān)系，奧巴馬并不是美國歷史上第一位試圖同時(shí)拉攏的總統(tǒng)。同時(shí)他還回憶說美國總統(tǒng)的這些努力總是在一如既往的失敗。 So America is in a weak position to influence one of the world s most dangerous potentialconflicts. If nuclear war is ever to be fought, India and Pakistan are the most likelybattlefields. India showed remarkable restraint after the 2008 Mumbai attack. It would findit hard to do so again. Pakistan would lose a conventional war with India, so it might betempted to use its nuclear arsenal, which it is expanding fast. 這樣說來，美國即是在以一個(gè)弱勢的角色，想去影響世界上最危險(xiǎn)的潛在沖突。如果世界爆發(fā)核戰(zhàn)爭，印巴絕對是第一戰(zhàn)場。印度在2008年孟買遭襲后顯出了異乎尋常的自制力。但是，如果我們希望印度繼續(xù)克己，當(dāng)真難上加難。巴基斯坦和印度開戰(zhàn)，絕對不會(huì)擁有打常規(guī)戰(zhàn)爭的機(jī)會(huì)，所以巴國也會(huì)動(dòng)用自己的核武器儲備，動(dòng)用本國擴(kuò)充迅猛的核武儲備。 Mr Riedel, like most analysts, is better at describing why it is so difficult to repairIndia-Pakistan relations, and why it would be so desirable to do so, than at charting how.But he has presented a cogent argument that Americaand other outside powersshould betrying harder. 與大多數(shù)分析家一樣，里德爾也更擅長去形容一番為什么印巴關(guān)系難以修復(fù)，為什么兩國沖突不可避免，而不是仔細(xì)觀察，尋找解決之道。好在里德爾展示了一個(gè)令人信服的論證，即美國和其他外部勢力應(yīng)該再加把勁。 詞語解釋 1.in relation with 關(guān)系 In diplomatic relation with other countries, weobserve the five principles based on peacefulco-existence. 在對外關(guān)系中，我們遵循和平共處五項(xiàng)原則。 In their relation with the developing countries anaggressive policy has been followed. 在和發(fā)展中國家的關(guān)系中，他們一直奉行侵略政策。 2.take over 接管 A younger generation will begin to take over. 年輕一代將會(huì)開始接管中國的事務(wù)。 Are you planning on appointing an heir to take over your responsibilities upon retirement? 你有無計(jì)劃在退休時(shí)安排一位接班人接替你的工作? 3.carry out 執(zhí)行;進(jìn)行;完成 Kim jong-il has threatened to carry out more nuclear missile tests. 金正日已威脅道要進(jìn)行更多的核導(dǎo)彈試驗(yàn)。 They say he used a military-style assault rifle to carry out the shooting spree. 警方表示，他使用一支軍用突擊步槍進(jìn)行了這次瘋狂槍殺。 4.trust with 信任 They want to establish trust with you before they give their phone numbers out. 她們希望先建立與你的信任再把電話號碼給你。 Make it easy for people to expose their networks to people they trust with that data. 讓人們能夠很容易地揭露他們的關(guān)系網(wǎng)給他們相信的人。
